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Source data

Greek New Testament: Center for New Testament Restoration (CNTR), greekcntr.org · Robinson-Pierpont Byzantine Textform (2018), byzantinetext.com

Latin: Clementine Vulgate (1592, public domain)

Syriac: Peshitta (BFBS 1905, public domain)

English glosses: Tyndale House Cambridge STEP Bible (TAGNT) · Whitaker's Words (William Whitaker, public domain) · A Compendious Syriac Dictionary (Jessie Payne Smith, 1903, public domain)

License

Urevangelium is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0). Source data acquired from the Center for New Testament Restoration is incorporated under its CC BY-SA 4.0 license; this project honors the ShareAlike obligation by releasing all derivative alignment data under the same terms. You are free to share and adapt this work, including for commercial use, provided you give appropriate credit and license your derivative work under the same terms.

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Sources, editions, coverage, and editorial status

Urevangelium

ur-eh-van-GAY-lee-um · the original Gospel

The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward

GospelsPapyriSourcesVaticanusMethodsExceptions
MatthewMarkLukeJohn

Mark 12:19

Text & API
← Prev Book← Prev Chapter← Prev VerseChapterVerseNext Verse →Next Chapter →Next Book →
Greek PapyriCopticAlexandrianLatinWesternSyriacByzantine
Earliest Papyri
damage & scan key
c. 125–250 AD · Greek
TAGNT
Sahidic
alignment under review
c. 250–300 AD · Coptic
Lexical aid: Crum/KELLIA
Vaticanus
c. 175–325 AD · Greek
Certified English
Vulgate
Clementine 1592/1598 · Latin
Douay-Rheims 1899
Bezae
c. 150–400 AD · Greek/Latin
Latin
Peshitta
c. 170–400 AD · Syriac
Murdock 1851
Byzantine
c. 300–500 AD · Greek
Certified English
διδασκαλε
P45
Teacher,ϫⲉⲡⲥⲁϩawlδιδασκαλεTeacher,MagisterMasterδιδασκαλε|magisterܡܠܦܢܐTeacher;ΔιδάσκαλεTeacher,
μωσησ
P45
MosesⲙⲱⲩⲥⲏⲥMoses*μωυσηςMosesMoysesMosesμωϋσης|moysesܡܘܫܐMosesΜωσῆςMoses
εγραψεν
P45
wroteⲁϥⲥϩⲁⲓwriteεγραψενwrotenobisunto us—|nobis——ἔγραψενwrote
ημιν
P45
for usⲛⲁⲛmyημινfor usscripsitwroteημειν|scripsitܟܬܒwroteἡμῖνI/we
οτι
P45
thatϫⲉⲉϣⲱⲡⲉspatheοτιthatutthat—|utܠܢto us,ὅτιthat
εαν
P45
ifⲉⲣϣⲁⲛⲡⲥⲟⲛbrotherεανifsiifεαν|siܕܐܢifἘάνif
τινοσ
P45
of anyoneⲟⲩⲁblasphemyτινοςof anyonecujus—τινος|cuius——τινοςof anyone
αδελφοσ
P45
a brotherⲙⲟⲩdieαδελφοςa brotherfraterbrotherαδελφος|fraterܐܚܘܗܝbrotherἀδελφὸςa brother
αποθανη
P45
shall dieⲁⲩⲱandαποθανηshall diemortuusdieαποθανη|decesseritܡܐܬdie,ἀποθάνῃshall die
και
P45
and——καιandfuerit—και|———καὶand
καταλιπηι
P45
—ⲛϥⲕⲁⲧⲉϥⲥϩⲓⲙⲉplaceκαταλιπηhe may leave behindetand—|etܕܐܢܫa man'sκαταλίπῃhe may leave behind
γυναικα
P45
a wifeⲛϥⲧⲙⲕⲁϣⲏⲣⲉplaceγυναικαa wifedimiseritupγυναικα|habuerit——γυναῖκαa wife
και
P45
and——καιanduxoremwifeκαι|uxoremܘܫܒܩleave aκαὶand
μη
P45
notⲇⲉandμηnotetandμη|etܐܢܬܬܐwidow, but leaveτέκναchild
αφη
P45
may leaveⲉⲣⲉⲡⲉϥⲥⲟⲛbrotherαφηmay leavefilioschildrenαφη|filiosܘܒܢܝܐthatμὴnot
damagedτεκνον
P45
childϫⲓⲧⲉϥⲥϩⲓⲙⲉreceiveτεκνονchildnonno—|non——ἀφῇmay leave
ινα
P45
thatⲛϥⲧⲟⲩⲛⲟⲥⲥⲡⲉⲣⲙⲁwakeιναthatreliquerit—ϊνα|reliqueritܠܐno children, hisἵναthat
λαβη
P45
shall takeⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲟⲛbrotherλαβηshall takeaccipiatshould takeλαβη|accipiatܫܒܩtake his widow,λάβῃshall take
ο
P45
the——οthe——ο|—ܢܤܒandὁthe
αδελφοσ
P45
brother——αδελφοςbrotherfraterbrotherαδελφος|fraterܐܚܘܗܝbrotherἀδελφὸςbrother
αυτου
P45
of him——αυτουof himejushisαυτου|eius——αὐτοῦof him
την
P45
the——τηνthe——την|ut——τὴνthe
γυναικα
P45
wife——γυναικαwifeuxoremwifeγυναικα|uxoremܐܢܬܬܗand raise upγυναῖκαwife
lost———omitted—ipsius—αυτου|———αὐτοῦof him
και
P45
and——καιandetandκαι|et——καὶand
εξαναστηση
P45
may raise up——εξαναστησηmay raise upresuscitet—εξαναστηση|resuscitetܘܢܩܝܡshallἐξαναστήσῃmay raise up
σπερμα
P45
———σπερμαseedsemenseedσπερμα|semenܙܪܥܐseedσπέρμαseed
lost———τωfor the——τω|eius——τῷfor the
lost———αδελφωbrotherfratribrotherαδελφω|fratriܠܐܚܘܗܝto his brother.ἀδελφῷbrother
lost———αυτουof him.suoto hisαυτου|suo——αὐτοῦof him.
See 65 Earliest PapyriNext Fragment: Mark 12:24

*SCRIPTORIUM supplied

Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources
100200300400500600700800900100011001200130014001500160017001800190020002025Reformation / printed edition zoomModern translation zoomTradition Origins · 1st – 14th Century ADAlexandrian / proto-Alexandrian streamWestern textual streamBezae witnessesByzantine standard traditionfrom Alexandrian-type Greekc. 252 ADGreek manuscript correctionc. 383 ADGreek Papyric. 125–250 ADSahidic NTc. 300 ADVaticanusc. 325 ADOld Latin / Vetus LatinaLatin revision baseVulgate383 ADBezaec. 400 ADOld Syriac traditionSyriac standardizationPeshittac. 400 ADByzantinec. 500 ADSahidic dominantBohairic NTdominant c. 1000+c. 400–500:major uncials copiedafter 600:minority Greek streamc. 1400s:humanist returnto Greek MSSc. 500–700:Old Latin persistsafter 500: Westernin select witnessesc. 600–1300:Peshitta standard textc. 500–800:Byzantine expandsc. 800–900:minuscule copyingc. 900–1300:majority traditionCarolingianrevision · c. 800 ADParis Biblec. 1220–1230 ADPhiloxenianrevision · 508 ADHarkleanrevision · 616 ADTranslation Genealogy1350 CE to PresentTextus Receptus TraditionCoptic witnessesinform critical editionsWestern witnessesinform variant decisionsWycliffe1382Erasmus1516Tyndale1526Stephanus1550Geneva1560Beza1565Bishops'1568Douay-Rheims1582Clementine1592KJV1611Elzevir1633Challoner1749Westcott-Hort1881Revised Version1881Nestle-Aland1898ASV1901BFBS Peshitta1905RSV1952Good News1966Jerusalem1966NASB1971Stuttgart Vulgate1969NIV1978NKJV1982NRSV1989NLT1996WEB2000ESV2001The Message2002NET2005Robinson-Pierpont2005NABRE2011CSB2017LSB2021Line keyTradition beginningTradition streamFading traditionPre-witness periodTranslation / revisionTextual influenceEdition traditionGutenberg Bibleprinted Vulgate c. 1455ComplutensianNT printed 1514 · pub. 1522