The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | cum | Cumque | And | ܘܚܙܐ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἰδὼν | having seen | ειδων | | | uidisset | vidisset | having seen | ܬܬܐ | having seen | ἰδὼν | having seen | ||||||
| — | συκῆν | a fig tree | — | | | a | a | a fig tree | ܚܕܐ | a fig tree | συκῆν | a fig tree | ||||||
| — | ἀπὸ | from | απο | | | longe | longe | from | ܡܢ | from | μακρόθεν | from | ||||||
| — | μακρόθεν | afar | μακροθεν | | | ficum | ficum | afar | ܪܘܚܩܐ | afar | ἔχουσαν | afar | ||||||
| — | ἔχουσαν | having | εχουσαν | | | habente | habentem | having | ܕܐܝܬ | having | φύλλα | having | ||||||
| — | φύλλα | leaves | φυλλα | | | folia | folia | leaves | ܒܗ | leaves | ἦλθεν | leaves | ||||||
| — | ἦλθεν | He went | ηλθεν | | | uenit | venit | He went | ܛܪܦܐ | He went | εἰ | He went | ||||||
| — | εἰ | if | — | | | si | si | if | ܘܐܬܐ | if | ἄρα | if | ||||||
| — | ἄρα | perhaps | — | | | quid | quid | perhaps | ܠܘܬܗ | perhaps | εὑρήσει | perhaps | ||||||
| — | τι | anything | τι | | | uidere | forte | anything | ܕܐܢ | anything | τι | anything | ||||||
| — | εὑρήσει | He will find | — | | | in | inveniret | He will find | ܢܫܟܚ | He will find | ἐν | He will find | ||||||
| — | ἐν | on | εν | | | — | in | on | ܒܗ | on | αὐτῇ | on | ||||||
| — | αὐτῇ. | it. | αυτη | | | ea | ea | it. | ܡܕܡ | it. | καὶ | it. | ||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | et | And | ܘܟܕ | And | ἐλθὼν | And | ||||||
| — | ἐλθὼν | having come | — | | | esset | cum | having come | ܐܬܐ | having come | ἐπ’ | having come | ||||||
| — | ἐπ᾽ | to | — | | | — | venisset | to | ܠܐ | to | αὐτήν | to | ||||||
| — | αὐτὴν | it | — | | | — | ad | it | ܐܫܟܚ | it | οὐδὲν | it | ||||||
| — | οὐδὲν | no thing | — | | | et | eam | no thing | ܒܗ | no thing | εὗρεν | no thing | ||||||
| — | εὗρεν | He found | — | | | nihil | nihil | He found | ܐܠܐ | He found | εἰ | He found | ||||||
| — | εἰ | only | ει | | | inuenit | invenit | only | ܐܢ | only | μὴ | only | ||||||
| — | μὴ | except | μη | | | — | præter | except | ܛܪܦܐ | except | φύλλα | except | ||||||
| — | φύλλα· | leaves; | φυλλα | | | folia | folia | leaves; | ܙܒܢܐ | leaves; | οὐ | leaves; | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | — | | | praeter | — | — | — | — | γὰρ | the | ||||||
| — | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | non | non | for | ܓܝܪ | for | ἦν | for | ||||||
| — | καιρὸς | season | — | | | enim | enim | season | ܠܐ | season | καιρὸς | season | ||||||
| — | οὐκ | not | — | | | erat | erat | not | ܗܘܐ | not | σύκων | not | ||||||
| — | ἦν | it was | ην | | | tempus | tempus | it was | ܗܘܐ | it was | ἦν | it was | ||||||
| — | σύκων. | of figs. | συκων | | | ficum | ficorum | of figs. | ܕܬܐܢܐ | of figs. | σύκων. | of figs. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 11:27 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||