The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܩܡ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | στὰς | having stopped | στας | | | stans | stans | having stopped | ܝܫܘܥ | having stopped | στὰς | having stopped | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | te | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | ihs | Jesus | Jesus | — | — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | ||||||
| — | εἶπεν· | commanded: | ειπεν | | | dixit | præcepit | commanded: | ܘܦܩܕ | commanded: | εἶπεν | commanded: | ||||||
| — | φωνήσατε | do call | — | | | illum | illum | do call | ܕܢܩܪܘܢܝܗܝ | do call | αὐτὸν | do call | ||||||
| — | αὐτόν. | him. | αυτον | | | uocari | vocari | him. | ܘܩܪܐܘܗܝ | him. | φωνηθῆναι | him. | ||||||
| — | καὶ | And | — | | | — | Et | And | ܠܤܡܝܐ | And | καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | φωνοῦσιν | they call | — | | | illi | vocant | they call | — | — | φωνοῦσιν | they call | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the | — | | | autem | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | ||||||
| — | τυφλὸν | blind man | — | | | — | cæcum | blind man | ܘܐܡܪܝܢ | blind man | τυφλόν | blind man | ||||||
| — | λέγοντες | saying | — | | | dixerunt | dicentes | saying | ܠܗ | saying | λέγοντες | saying | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ· | to him; | — | | | caeco | ei | to him; | ܐܬܠܒܒ | to him; | αὐτῷ | to him; | ||||||
| — | θάρσει, | take courage! | θαρσει | | | animaequior | Animæquior | take courage! | ܩܘܡ | take courage! | Θάρσει | take courage! | ||||||
| — | ἔγειρε, | do rise up | εγειρε | | | esto | esto | do rise up | — | — | ἔγειραι | do rise up | ||||||
| — | φωνεῖ | He calls | φωνει | | | surge | surge | He calls | ܩܪܐ | He calls | φωνεῖ | He calls | ||||||
| — | σε. | you. | σε | | | uocat | vocat | you. | ܠܟ | you. | σε | you. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 11:27 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||