Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
		—	καὶ	And	και	\|	coepit	Qui	And	ܘܫܡܥ	And	Καὶ	And
		—	ἀκούσας	having heard	ακουσας	\|	cum	cum	having heard	ܕܝܫܘܥ	having heard	ἀκούσας	having heard
		—	ὅτι	that	οτι	\|	audisset	audisset	that	—	—	ὅτι	that
		—	Ἰησοῦς	Jesus	—	\|	quia	quia	Jesus	ܗܘ	Jesus	Ἰησοῦς	Jesus
		—	ὁ	<the>	ο	\|	et	—	—	—	—	ὁ	<the>
		—	Ναζαρηνός	of Nazareth	—	\|	ihs	Jesus	of Nazareth	ܢܨܪܝܐ	of Nazareth	Ναζωραῖός	of Nazareth
		—	ἐστιν,	it is,	εστιν	\|	nazorenus	Nazarenus	it is,	—	—	ἐστιν	it is,
		—	ἤρξατο	he began	ηρξατο	\|	est	est	he began	ܘܫܪܝ	he began	ἤρξατο	he began
		—	κράζειν	to cry out	κραζειν	\|	—	cœpit	to cry out	ܠܡܩܥܐ	to cry out	κράζειν	to cry out
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	clamare	clamare	and	ܘܠܡܐܡܪ	and	καὶ	and
		—	λέγειν·	to say;	λεγειν	\|	et	et	to say;	—	—	λέγειν	to say;
		—	ὁ	O	—	\|	ihu	—	—	—	—	Ὁ	O
		—	υἱὲ	Son	—	\|	dicere	dicere	Son	ܒܪܗ	Son	υἱὸς	Son
		—	Δαυὶδ	of David	δαυειδ	\|	mihi	Jesu	of David	ܕܕܘܝܕ	of David	Δαυίδ	of David
		—	Ἰησοῦ,	Jesus,	ιηυ	\|	fili	fili	Jesus,	—	—	Ἰησοῦ	Jesus,
		—	ἐλέησόν	do have mercy on	ελεησον	\|	dauid	David	do have mercy on	ܐܬܪܚܡ	do have mercy on	ἐλέησόν	do have mercy on
		—	με.	me.	με	\|	miserere	miserere	me.	ܥܠܝ	me.	με	me.
	Next Fragment: Mark 11:27
	See 65 Earliest Papyri

Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
	—	καὶ	And	και	\|	coepit	Qui	And	ܘܫܡܥ	And	Καὶ	And
	—	ἀκούσας	having heard	ακουσας	\|	cum	cum	having heard	ܕܝܫܘܥ	having heard	ἀκούσας	having heard
	—	ὅτι	that	οτι	\|	audisset	audisset	that	—	—	ὅτι	that
	—	Ἰησοῦς	Jesus	—	\|	quia	quia	Jesus	ܗܘ	Jesus	Ἰησοῦς	Jesus
	—	ὁ	<the>	ο	\|	et	—	—	—	—	ὁ	<the>
	—	Ναζαρηνός	of Nazareth	—	\|	ihs	Jesus	of Nazareth	ܢܨܪܝܐ	of Nazareth	Ναζωραῖός	of Nazareth
	—	ἐστιν,	it is,	εστιν	\|	nazorenus	Nazarenus	it is,	—	—	ἐστιν	it is,
	—	ἤρξατο	he began	ηρξατο	\|	est	est	he began	ܘܫܪܝ	he began	ἤρξατο	he began
	—	κράζειν	to cry out	κραζειν	\|	—	cœpit	to cry out	ܠܡܩܥܐ	to cry out	κράζειν	to cry out
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	clamare	clamare	and	ܘܠܡܐܡܪ	and	καὶ	and
	—	λέγειν·	to say;	λεγειν	\|	et	et	to say;	—	—	λέγειν	to say;
	—	ὁ	O	—	\|	ihu	—	—	—	—	Ὁ	O
	—	υἱὲ	Son	—	\|	dicere	dicere	Son	ܒܪܗ	Son	υἱὸς	Son
	—	Δαυὶδ	of David	δαυειδ	\|	mihi	Jesu	of David	ܕܕܘܝܕ	of David	Δαυίδ	of David
	—	Ἰησοῦ,	Jesus,	ιηυ	\|	fili	fili	Jesus,	—	—	Ἰησοῦ	Jesus,
	—	ἐλέησόν	do have mercy on	ελεησον	\|	dauid	David	do have mercy on	ܐܬܪܚܡ	do have mercy on	ἐλέησόν	do have mercy on
	—	με.	me.	με	\|	miserere	miserere	me.	ܥܠܝ	me.	με	me.
Next Fragment: Mark 11:27
See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

—

καὶ

And

και

coepit

Qui

And

ܘܫܡܥ

And

Καὶ

And

—

ἀκούσας

having heard

ακουσας

cum

having heard

ܕܝܫܘܥ

having heard

ἀκούσας

having heard

—

ὅτι

that

οτι

audisset

that

—

ὅτι

that

—

Ἰησοῦς

Jesus

—

quia

Jesus

ܗܘ

Jesus

Ἰησοῦς

Jesus

—

ὁ

<the>

—

ὁ

<the>

—

Ναζαρηνός

of Nazareth

—

ihs

Jesus

of Nazareth

ܢܨܪܝܐ

of Nazareth

Ναζωραῖός

of Nazareth

—

ἐστιν,

it is,

εστιν

nazorenus

Nazarenus

it is,

—

ἐστιν

it is,

—

ἤρξατο

he began

ηρξατο

est

he began

ܘܫܪܝ

he began

ἤρξατο

he began

—

κράζειν

to cry out

κραζειν

—

cœpit

to cry out

ܠܡܩܥܐ

to cry out

κράζειν

to cry out

—

καὶ

and

και

clamare

and

ܘܠܡܐܡܪ

and

καὶ

and

—

λέγειν·

to say;

λεγειν

to say;

—

λέγειν

to say;

—

ὁ

—

ihu

—

Ὁ

—

υἱὲ

Son

—

dicere

Son

ܒܪܗ

Son

υἱὸς

Son

—

Δαυὶδ

of David

δαυειδ

mihi

Jesu

of David

ܕܕܘܝܕ

of David

Δαυίδ

of David

—

Ἰησοῦ,

Jesus,

ιηυ

fili

Jesus,

—

Ἰησοῦ

Jesus,

—

ἐλέησόν

do have mercy on

ελεησον

dauid

David

do have mercy on

ܐܬܪܚܡ

do have mercy on

ἐλέησόν

do have mercy on

—

με.

me.

με

miserere

me.

ܥܠܝ

me.

με

me.

Next Fragment: Mark 11:27

See 65 Earliest Papyri

Mark 10:47

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Mark 10:47

Translation Lineage