The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Ἀποκριθεὶς | answering | αποκριθεις | | | respondens | Respondens | answering | ܥܢܐ | answering | Ἀποκριθεὶς | answering | ||||||
| — | δὲ | now | δε | | | ihs | Jesus | now | ܕܝܢ | but | ὁ | now | ||||||
| — | ἔφη | Was saying | — | | | aut | ait | Was saying | ܘܐܡܪ | Was saying | Ἰησοῦς | Was saying | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | εἶπεν | <the> | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦς· | Jesus; | — | | | amen | Amen | Jesus; | ܐܡܝܢ | Jesus; | Ἀμὴν | Jesus; | ||||||
| — | ἀμὴν | Amen | αμην | | | dico | dico | Amen | ܐܡܝܢ | truly | λέγω | Amen | ||||||
| — | λέγω | I say | λεγω | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὑμῖν | I say | ||||||
| — | ὑμῖν, | to you, | ϋμειν | | | uobis | vobis | to you, | ܐܢܐ | to you, | οὐδείς | to you, | ||||||
| — | οὐδείς | no one | ουδεις | | | nemo | Nemo | no one | ܠܟܘܢ | no one | ἐστιν | no one | ||||||
| — | ἐστιν | there is | εστιν | | | est | est | there is | ܕܠܝܬ | there is | ὃς | there is | ||||||
| — | ὃς | who | ος | | | qui | qui | who | ܐܢܫ | who | ἀφῆκεν | who | ||||||
| — | ἀφῆκεν | has left | αφηκεν | | | reliquerit | reliquerit | has left | ܕܫܒܩ | has left | οἰκίαν | has left | ||||||
| — | οἰκίαν | house | — | | | — | domum | house | ܒܬܐ | house | ἢ | house | ||||||
| — | ἢ | or | η | | | autem | — | — | — | — | ἀδελφούς | or | ||||||
| — | ἀδελφοὺς | brothers | αδελφους | | | fratres | fratres | brothers | ܐܚܐ | brothers | ἢ | brothers | ||||||
| — | ἢ | or | η | | | aut | — | — | — | — | ἀδελφάς | or | ||||||
| — | ἀδελφὰς | sisters | αδελφας | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἢ | sisters | ||||||
| — | ἢ | or | η | | | sorores | — | — | — | — | πατέρα | or | ||||||
| — | μητέρα | mother | μητερα | | | aut | aut | mother | ܐܘ | mother | ἢ | mother | ||||||
| — | ἢ | or | η | | | — | — | — | — | — | μητέρα | or | ||||||
| — | πατέρα | father | — | | | aut | aut | father | ܐܘ | father | ἢ | father | ||||||
| — | ἢ | or | — | | | matrem | — | — | — | — | γυναῖκα | or | ||||||
| — | γυναῖκα | wife | — | | | aut | aut | wife | ܐܘ | wife | ἢ | wife | ||||||
| — | ἢ | or | — | | | filios | — | — | — | — | τέκνα | or | ||||||
| — | τέκνα | children | τεκνα | | | aut | aut | children | ܐܘ | children | ἢ | children | ||||||
| — | ἢ | or | η | | | agros | — | — | — | — | ἀγρούς | or | ||||||
| — | ἀγροὺς | lands | αγρους | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἕνεκεν | lands | ||||||
| — | ἕνεκεν | because | ενεκεν | | | propter | propter | because | ܐܘ | because | ἐμοῦ | because | ||||||
| — | ἐμοῦ | of me | εμου | | | me | me | of me | ܩܘܪܝܐ | of me | καὶ | of me | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | — | | | — | et | and | ܡܛܠܬܝ | and | ἕνεκεν | and | ||||||
| — | ἕνεκεν | because | — | | | propter | propter | because | ܘܡܛܠ | because | τοῦ | because | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | of the | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | εὐαγγελίου | of the | ||||||
| — | εὐαγγελίου, | gospel, | ευαγγελιου | | | euangelium | Evangelium | gospel, | ܤܒܪܬܝ | gospel, | εὐαγγελίου, | gospel, | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 11:27 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||