The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Ἐπιγνοὺς | Having known | επιγνους | | | dicit | Ut | Having known | ܝܫܘܥ | Having known | Ἐπιγνοὺς | Having known | ||||||
| — | δὲ | now | δε | | | cognoscens | cognovit | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | uestris | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | autem | autem | Jesus | — | — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | ||||||
| — | τοὺς | the | τους | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | the | ||||||
| — | διαλογισμοὺς | reasonings | διαλογισμους | | | ihs | Jesus | reasonings | ܝܕܥ | reasonings | διαλογισμοὺς | reasonings | ||||||
| — | αὐτῶν | of them | αυτων | | | cogitationes | cogitationes | of them | ܡܚܫܒܬܗܘܢ | of them | αὐτῶν | of them | ||||||
| — | ἀποκριθεὶς | answering | — | | | eorum | eorum | answering | ܘܥܢܐ | answering | ἀποκριθεὶς | answering | ||||||
| — | εἶπεν | He said | — | | | — | respondens | He said | — | — | εἶπεν | He said | ||||||
| — | πρὸς | to | — | | | eis | dixit | to | ܘܐܡܪ | to | πρὸς | to | ||||||
| — | αὐτούς· | them; | — | | | — | ad | them; | ܠܗܘܢ | them; | αὐτούς | them; | ||||||
| — | τί | Why | τι | | | — | illos | Why | ܡܢܐ | Why | Τί | Why | ||||||
| — | διαλογίζεσθε | reason you | — | | | quid | Quid | reason you | ܡܬܚܫܒܝܢ | reason you | διαλογίζεσθε | reason you | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | cogitatis | cogitatis | in | — | — | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | ταῖς | the | ταις | | | iniqua | — | — | — | — | ταῖς | the | ||||||
| — | καρδίαις | hearts | καρδιαις | | | in | in | hearts | ܐܢܬܘܢ | hearts | καρδίαις | hearts | ||||||
| — | ὑμῶν; | of you? | ϋμων | | | cordibus | cordibus | of you? | ܒܠܒܟܘܢ | of you? | ὑμῶν | of you? | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 5:30 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||