The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܟܕ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | συντελέσας | having finished | συντελεσας | | | consummata | consummata | having finished | ܫܠܡ | having finished | συντελέσας | having finished | ||||||
| — | πάντα | every | παντα | | | omnem | omni | every | ܐܟܠܩܪܨܐ | every | πάντα | every | ||||||
| — | πειρασμὸν | temptation | πειρασμον | | | eo | tentatione | temptation | ܟܠܗܘܢ | temptation | πειρασμὸν | temptation | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | diabolus | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | ||||||
| — | διάβολος | devil | διαβολος | | | recessit | recessit | devil | ܢܤܝܘܢܘܗܝ | devil | διάβολος | devil | ||||||
| — | ἀπέστη | departed | απεστη | | | ab | ab | departed | ܦܪܩ | departed | ἀπέστη | departed | ||||||
| — | ἀπ᾽ | from | απ | | | tempus | illo | from | ܡܢ | from | ἀπ’ | from | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ | Him | αυτου | | | usque | usque | Him | ܠܘܬܗ | Him | αὐτοῦ | Him | ||||||
| — | ἄχρι | until | αχρι | | | ad | ad | until | ܥܕ | until | ἄχρι | until | ||||||
| — | καιροῦ.¶ | an opportune time. | — | | | temptationem | tempus | an opportune time. | ܙܒܢܐ | an opportune time. | καιροῦ | an opportune time. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 4:29 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||