The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ἀγρυπνεῖτε | do watch | αγρυπνειτε | | | uigilate | Vigilate | do watch | ܗܘܘ | do watch | Ἀγρυπνεῖτε | do watch | ||||||
| — | δὲ | also | δε | | | autem | itaque | also | ܕܝܢ | but | οὖν | also | ||||||
| — | ἐν | at | εν | | | omni | omni | at | ܫܗܪܝܢ | at | ἐν | at | ||||||
| — | παντὶ | every | παντι | | | tempore | tempore | every | — | — | παντὶ | every | ||||||
| — | καιρῷ | season | καιρω | | | in | orantes | season | ܒܟܠܙܒܢ | season | καιρῷ | season | ||||||
| — | δεόμενοι | praying | δεομενοι | | | ut | ut | praying | ܘܡܨܠܝܢ | praying | δεόμενοι | praying | ||||||
| — | ἵνα | that | ϊνα | | | digni | digni | that | ܕܬܫܘܘܢ | that | ἵνα | that | ||||||
| — | κατισχύσητε | you may have strength | — | | | habeamini | habeamini | you may have strength | ܠܡܥܪܩ | you may have strength | καταξιωθῆτε | you may have strength | ||||||
| — | ἐκφυγεῖν | to escape | εκφυγειν | | | fugere | fugere | to escape | — | — | ἐκφυγεῖν | to escape | ||||||
| — | ταῦτα | these things | ταυτα | | | rogantes | ista | these things | ܡܢ | these things | πάντα | these things | ||||||
| — | πάντα | all | παντα | | | omnia | omnia | all | ܗܠܝܢ | all | τὰ | all | ||||||
| — | τὰ | that | τα | | | hominis | — | — | — | — | μέλλοντα | that | ||||||
| — | μέλλοντα | are soon | μελλοντα | | | quae | quæ | are soon | ܕܥܬܝܕܢ | are soon | γίνεσθαι | are soon | ||||||
| — | γίνεσθαι | to come to pass | γεινεσθαι | | | haec | futura | to come to pass | ܠܡܗܘܐ | to come to pass | καὶ | to come to pass | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | incipient | sunt | and | ܘܬܩܘܡܘܢ | and | σταθῆναι | and | ||||||
| — | σταθῆναι | to stand | — | | | et | et | to stand | — | — | ἔμπροσθεν | to stand | ||||||
| — | ἔμπροσθεν | before | — | | | stabitis | stare | before | ܩܕܡ | before | τοῦ | before | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | the | του | | | fieri | — | — | — | — | υἱοῦ | the | ||||||
| — | υἱοῦ | Son | ϋιου | | | in | ante | Son | ܒܪܗ | Son | τοῦ | Son | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | conspecto | — | — | — | — | ἀνθρώπου | <the> | ||||||
| — | ἀνθρώπου.¶ | of Man. | ανθρωπου | | | fili | Filium | of Man. | ܕܐܢܫܐ | of Man. | ἀνθρώπου.¶ | of Man. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 22:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||