The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ὅταν | When | οταν | | | cum | cum | When | ܕܡܐ | When | ὅταν | When | ||||||
| — | προβάλωσιν | they may sprout | — | | | produxerint | producunt | they may sprout | ܕܡܦܪܥܝܢ | they may sprout | προβάλωσιν | they may sprout | ||||||
| — | ἤδη, | already, | ηδη | | | iam | jam | already, | — | — | ἤδη | already, | ||||||
| — | βλέποντες | looking on them | — | | | suum | ex | looking on them | ܡܚܕܐ | looking on them | βλέποντες | looking on them | ||||||
| — | ἀφ᾽ | for | — | | | — | se | for | ܡܢܗܘܢ | for | ἀφ’ | for | ||||||
| — | ἑαυτῶν | yourselves | — | | | quia | — | — | — | — | ἑαυτῶν | yourselves | ||||||
| — | γινώσκετε | you know | — | | | fruxtum | fructum | you know | ܡܤܬܟܠܝܢ | you know | γινώσκετε | you know | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | scitote | scitis | that | ܐܢܬܘܢ | that | ὅτι | that | ||||||
| — | ἤδη | already | — | | | iam | quoniam | already | ܕܩܪܒ | already | ἤδη | already | ||||||
| — | ἐγγὺς | near | εγγυς | | | prope | prope | near | — | — | ἐγγὺς | near | ||||||
| — | τὸ | the | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | ||||||
| — | θέρος | summer | θερος | | | est | est | summer | ܠܗ | summer | θέρος | summer | ||||||
| — | ἐστίν. | is. | εστιν | | | aestas | æstas | is. | ܩܝܛܐ | is. | ἐστίν | is. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 22:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||