The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܟܕ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἰδόντες | having seen it | ειδοντες | | | quia | cum | having seen it | ܚܙܘ | having seen it | ἰδόντες | having seen it | ||||||
| — | πάντες | all | παντες | | | uidentes | viderent | all | ܕܝܢ | all | πάντες | all | ||||||
| — | διεγόγγυζον | were grumbling | διεγογγυζον | | | omnes | omnes | were grumbling | ܟܠܗܘܢ | were grumbling | διεγόγγυζον | were grumbling | ||||||
| — | λέγοντες | saying | — | | | murmurabant | murmurabant | saying | ܪܛܢܝܢ | saying | λέγοντες | saying | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | — | dicentes | that | ܗܘܘ | that | ὅτι | that | ||||||
| — | παρὰ | With | παρα | | | hominem | quod | With | ܘܐܡܪܝܢ | With | Παρὰ | With | ||||||
| — | ἁμαρτωλῷ | a sinful | αμαρτωλω | | | ad | ad | a sinful | ܕܠܘܬ | a sinful | ἁμαρτωλῷ | a sinful | ||||||
| — | ἀνδρὶ | man | ανδρι | | | hominem | hominem | man | ܓܒܪܐ | man | ἀνδρὶ | man | ||||||
| — | εἰσῆλθεν | He has entered | εισηλθεν | | | peccatorem | peccatorem | He has entered | ܚܛܝܐ | He has entered | εἰσῆλθεν | He has entered | ||||||
| — | καταλῦσαι.¶ | to stay. | καταλυσαι | | | manere | divertisset | to stay. | ܥܠ | to stay. | καταλῦσαι | to stay. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 22:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||