The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܗܘ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἦν | He was | ην | | | erat | erat | He was | ܡܠܦ | He was | ἦν | He was | ||||||
| — | διδάσκων | teaching | διδασκων | | | docens | docens | teaching | ܗܘܐ | teaching | διδάσκων | teaching | ||||||
| — | τὸ | <the> | το | | | cottidie | — | — | — | — | τὸ | <the> | ||||||
| — | καθ᾽ | every | καθ | | | — | quotidie | every | ܟܠ | every | καθ’ | every | ||||||
| — | ἡμέραν | day | ημεραν | | | in | in | day | — | — | ἡμέραν | day | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | templo | templo | in | ܝܘܡ | in | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | τῷ | the | τω | | | tribae | — | — | — | — | τῷ | the | ||||||
| — | ἱερῷ· | temple; | ϊερω | | | principes | Principes | temple; | ܒܗܝܟܠܐ | temple; | ἱερῷ | temple; | ||||||
| — | οἱ | the | οι | | | A | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | ||||||
| — | δὲ | however | δε | | | autem | autem | however | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | however | ||||||
| — | ἀρχιερεῖς | chief priests | αρχιερεις | | | sacerdotum | sacerdotum | chief priests | ܟܗܢܐ | chief priests | ἀρχιερεῖς | chief priests | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܕܝܢ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | οἱ | the | οι | | | — | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | ||||||
| — | γραμματεῖς | scribes | γραμματις | | | populi | scribæ | scribes | ܘܤܦܪܐ | scribes | γραμματεῖς | scribes | ||||||
| — | ἐζήτουν | were seeking | — | | | et | et | were seeking | ܘܩܫܝܫܐ | were seeking | ἐζήτουν | were seeking | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | Him | — | | | primi | princeps | Him | — | — | αὐτὸν | Him | ||||||
| — | ἀπολέσαι | to destroy | — | | | quaerebant | plebis | to destroy | ܕܥܡܐ | to destroy | ἀπολέσαι | to destroy | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | — | quærebant | and | ܒܥܝܢ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | οἱ | the | οι | | | quid | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | ||||||
| — | πρῶτοι | foremost | πρωτοι | | | facerent | illum | foremost | ܗܘܘ | foremost | πρῶτοι | foremost | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | of the | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | of the | ||||||
| — | λαοῦ, | people, | λαου | | | eum | perdere | people, | ܠܡܘܒܕܘܬܗ | people, | λαοῦ | people, | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 22:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||