The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܟܕ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ὡς | as | ως | | | cum | ut | as | ܩܪܒ | as | ὡς | as | ||||||
| — | ἤγγισεν, | He drew near, | ηγγισεν | | | adpropis | appropinquavit | He drew near, | — | — | ἤγγισεν | He drew near, | ||||||
| — | ἰδὼν | having seen | ϊδων | | | uidens | videns | having seen | ܘܚܙܗ | having seen | ἰδὼν | having seen | ||||||
| — | τὴν | the | την | | | ciuitatem | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | ||||||
| — | πόλιν | city | πολιν | | | fleuit | flevit | city | ܠܡܕܝܢܬܐ | city | πόλιν | city | ||||||
| — | ἔκλαυσεν | He wept | εκλαυσεν | | | super | super | He wept | — | — | ἔκλαυσεν | He wept | ||||||
| — | ἐπ᾽ | over | επ | | | eam | illam | over | ܒܟܐ | over | ἐπ’ | over | ||||||
| — | αὐτὴν | it | αυτην | | | dicens | dicens | it | ܥܠܝܗ | it | αὐτῇ | it | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 22:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||