The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | οἱ | <the> | — | | | habet | — | — | — | — | Οἱ | <the> | ||||||
| — | δὲ | And | — | | | et | At | And | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | And | ||||||
| — | εἶπαν· | they said: | — | | | euntes | illi | they said: | — | — | εἶπον | they said: | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | dixerunt | dixerunt | that | ܠܗܘܢ | that | Ὁ | that | ||||||
| — | ὁ | The | ο | | | sic | — | — | — | — | κύριος | The | ||||||
| — | κύριος | Lord | — | | | quoniam | Quia | Lord | — | — | αὐτοῦ | Lord | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ | of it | αυτου | | | dms | Dominus | of it | ܕܠܡܪܢ | of it | χρείαν | of it | ||||||
| — | χρείαν | need | χρειαν | | | huius | eum | need | — | — | ἔχει | need | ||||||
| — | ἔχει. | has. | εχει | | | opus | necessarium | has. | ܡܬܒܥܐ | has. | ἔχει. | has. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 22:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||