The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܐܢ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἐάν | if | — | | | si | si | if | ܐܢܫ | if | ἐάν | if | ||||||
| — | τις | anyone | τις | | | quis | quis | anyone | — | — | τις | anyone | ||||||
| — | ὑμᾶς | you | ϋμας | | | uobis | vos | you | ܡܫܐܠ | you | ὑμᾶς | you | ||||||
| — | ἐρωτᾷ· | shall ask; | ερωτα | | | — | interrogaverit | shall ask; | ܠܟܘܢ | shall ask; | ἐρωτᾷ | shall ask; | ||||||
| — | διὰ | Because of | — | | | dixerit | Quare | Because of | ܠܡܢܐ | Because of | Διὰ | Because of | ||||||
| — | τί | why | — | | | — | solvitis | why | ܫܪܝܢ | why | τί | why | ||||||
| — | λύετε; | do you untie it? | — | | | quoniam | — | — | — | — | λύετε | do you untie it? | ||||||
| — | οὕτως | thus | ουτως | | | sic | sic | thus | ܐܢܬܘܢ | thus | οὕτως | thus | ||||||
| — | ἐρεῖτε | will you say | ερειτε | | | dicetis | dicetis | will you say | ܠܗ | will you say | ἐρεῖτε | will you say | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ· | to him: | — | | | — | ei | to him: | ܗܟܢܐ | to him: | αὐτῷ | to him: | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | Because | οτι | | | dms | Quia | Because | ܐܡܪܘ | Because | ὅτι | Because | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | Ὁ | the | ||||||
| — | κύριος | Lord | — | | | opus | Dominus | Lord | — | — | κύριος | Lord | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ | of it | αυτου | | | — | operam | of it | ܠܗ | of it | αὐτοῦ | of it | ||||||
| — | χρείαν | need | χρειαν | | | eius | ejus | need | ܠܡܪܢ | need | χρείαν | need | ||||||
| — | ἔχει.¶ | has.’ | εχει | | | habet | desiderat | has.’ | ܡܬܒܥܐ | has.’ | ἔχει | has.’ | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 22:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||