The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܟܕ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἐγένετο | it came to pass | εγενετο | | | factum | factum | it came to pass | ܢܤܒ | it came to pass | ἐγένετο | it came to pass | ||||||
| — | ἐν | on | — | | | est | est | on | ܡܠܟܘܬܐ | on | ἐν | on | ||||||
| — | τῷ | the | — | | | reuerti | — | — | — | — | τῷ | the | ||||||
| — | ἐπανελθεῖν | returning | επανελθειν | | | ut | ut | returning | ܘܗܦܟ | returning | ἐπανελθεῖν | returning | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | of him | αυτον | | | — | rediret | of him | ܐܡܪ | of him | αὐτὸν | of him | ||||||
| — | λαβόντα | having received | λαβοντα | | | accipientem | accepto | having received | — | — | λαβόντα | having received | ||||||
| — | τὴν | the | την | | | eum | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | ||||||
| — | βασιλείαν | kingdom | βασιλειαν | | | regnum | regno | kingdom | ܕܢܩܪܘܢ | kingdom | βασιλείαν | kingdom | ||||||
| — | καὶ | that | και | | | et | et | that | ܠܗ | that | καὶ | that | ||||||
| — | εἶπεν | he directed | ειπεν | | | — | jussit | he directed | ܗܢܘܢ | he directed | εἶπεν | he directed | ||||||
| — | φωνηθῆναι | to be called | φωνηθηναι | | | uocari | vocari | to be called | ܥܒܕܘܗܝ | to be called | φωνηθῆναι | to be called | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ | to him | — | | | — | — | — | ܕܝܗܒ | to him | αὐτῷ | to him | ||||||
| — | τοὺς | <the> | τους | | | dixit | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | <the> | ||||||
| — | δούλους | servants | δουλους | | | seruos | servos | servants | ܠܗܘܢ | servants | δούλους | servants | ||||||
| — | τούτους | these | — | | | quibus | quibus | these | ܟܤܦܐ | these | τούτους | these | ||||||
| — | οἷς | to whom | οις | | | dederat | dedit | to whom | ܕܢܕܥ | to whom | οἷς | to whom | ||||||
| — | δεδώκει | he had given | δεδωκει | | | pecuniam | pecuniam | he had given | ܡܢܐ | he had given | ἔδωκεν | he had given | ||||||
| — | τὸ | the | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | ||||||
| — | ἀργύριον, | money, | αργυριον | | | suos | ut | money, | — | — | ἀργύριον | money, | ||||||
| — | ἵνα | in order that | ϊνα | | | sciat | sciret | in order that | ܟܠ | in order that | ἵνα | in order that | ||||||
| — | γνοῖ | he may know | γνοι | | | — | quantum | he may know | ܚܕ | he may know | γνῷ | he may know | ||||||
| — | τίς | who | — | | | quid | quisque | who | ܚܕ | who | τίς | who | ||||||
| — | τί | what | τι | | | negotiati | negotiatus | what | ܡܢܗܘܢ | what | τί | what | ||||||
| — | διεπραγματεύσαντο.¶ | they had gained by trading. | διεπραγματευσαντο | | | sunt | esset | they had gained by trading. | ܐܬܬܓܪ | they had gained by trading. | διεπραγματεύσατο | they had gained by trading. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 22:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||