The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
οιP60 · P66 | <the> | οἱ | <the> | οι | | | dixit | — | — | — | — | Οἱ | <the> | |||||
δεP60 · P66 | now | δὲ | now | δε | | | illi | Illi | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | |||||
εκραυγασανP60 · P66 | They cried out | ἐκραύγασαν | They cried out | — | | | autem | autem | They cried out | ܕܝܢ | They cried out | ἐκραύγασαν | They cried out | |||||
αρονP60 · P66 | therefore | οὖν | therefore | — | | | clamabant | clamabant | therefore | ܩܥܝܢ | therefore | Ἆρον | therefore | |||||
αρονP60 · P66 | concerning Him: | ἐκεῖνοι· | concerning Him: | — | | | tolle | Tolle | concerning Him: | ܗܘܘ | concerning Him: | ἆρον | concerning Him: | |||||
σονP60 · P66 | away | ἆρον | away | αρον | | | tolle | tolle | away | ܫܩܘܠܝܗܝ | away | σταύρωσον | away | |||||
αυτονP60 · P66 | away! | ἆρον, | away! | αρον | | | — | — | — | ܫܩܘܠܝܗܝ | away! | αὐτόν | away! | |||||
λεγειP60 · P66 | do crucify | σταύρωσον | do crucify | σταυρωσον | | | crucifige | crucifige | do crucify | ܨܠܘܒܝܗܝ | do crucify | Λέγει | do crucify | |||||
αυτοισP60 · P66 | Him! | αὐτόν. | Him! | αυτον | | | eum | eum | Him! | ܨܠܘܒܝܗܝ | Him! | αὐτοῖς | Him! | |||||
οP60 · P66 | Says | λέγει | Says | λεγει | | | — | Dicit | Says | ܐܡܪ | Says | ὁ | Says | |||||
πειλατοσP60 · P66 | to them | αὐτοῖς | to them | αυτοις | | | eis | eis | to them | ܠܗܘܢ | to them | Πιλάτος | to them | |||||
τονP60 · P66 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | Τὸν | <the> | |||||
βασιλεαP60 · P66 | Pilate; | Πιλᾶτος· | Pilate; | πειλατος | | | pilatus | Pilatus | Pilate; | ܦܝܠܛܘܤ | Pilate; | βασιλέα | Pilate; | |||||
υμωνP60 · P66 | The | τὸν | The | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὑμῶν | The | |||||
σωσωP60 · P66 | King | βασιλέα | King | βασιλεα | | | regem | Regem | King | ܠܡܠܟܟܘܢ | King | σταυρώσω | King | |||||
απεκριθησανP60 · P66 | of you | ὑμῶν | of you | ϋμων | | | uestrum | vestrum | of you | ܐܙܩܘܦ | of you | Ἀπεκρίθησαν | of you | |||||
οιP60 · P66 | shall I crucify? | σταυρώσω;¶ | shall I crucify? | σταυρωσω | | | crucifigam | crucifigam | shall I crucify? | ܐܡܪܝܢ | shall I crucify? | οἱ | shall I crucify? | |||||
αρχιερεισP60 · P66 | Answered | ἀπεκρίθησαν | Answered | απεκριθησαν | | | responderunt | Responderunt | Answered | ܪܒܝ | Answered | ἀρχιερεῖς | Answered | |||||
ουκP60 · P66 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | — | — | — | — | — | Οὐκ | the | |||||
εχομενP60 · P66 | chief priests; | ἀρχιερεῖς· | chief priests; | αρχϊε ρεις | | | pontifices | pontifices | chief priests; | ܟܗܢܐ | chief priests; | ἔχομεν | chief priests; | |||||
βασιλεαP60 · P66 | Not | οὐκ | Not | ουκ | | | — | — | — | ܠܝܬ | Not | βασιλέα | Not | |||||
ειP60 · P66 | we have | ἔχομεν | we have | εχομεν | | | non | Non | we have | ܠܢ | we have | εἰ | we have | |||||
μηP60 · P66 | a king | βασιλέα | a king | βασιλεα | | | habemus | habemus | a king | ܡܠܟܐ | a king | μὴ | a king | |||||
καισαραP60 · P66 | only | εἰ | only | ει | | | regem | regem | only | ܐܠܐ | only | Καίσαρα | only | |||||
μὴP60 · P66 | except | μὴ | except | μη | | | nisi | nisi | except | ܐܢ | except | μὴ | except | |||||
Καίσαρα.¶P60 · P66 | Caesar. | Καίσαρα.¶ | Caesar. | καισαρα | | | caesarem | Cæsarem | Caesar. | ܩܤܪ | Caesar. | Καίσαρα.¶ | Caesar. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||