The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Ἀκουόντων | When are hearing | ακουοντων | | | autem | Hæc | When are hearing | ܘܟܕ | When are hearing | Ἀκουόντων | When are hearing | ||||||
| — | δὲ | now | δε | | | — | illis | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | ||||||
| — | αὐτῶν | they | αυτων | | | audientium | audientibus | they | ܗܘܘ | they | αὐτῶν | they | ||||||
| — | ταῦτα | these things | ταυτα | | | adiciens | adjiciens | these things | ܗܠܝܢ | these things | ταῦτα | these things | ||||||
| — | προσθεὶς | having proceeded | προσθεις | | | dixit | dixit | having proceeded | ܐܘܤܦ | having proceeded | προσθεὶς | having proceeded | ||||||
| — | εἶπεν | He spoke | ειπεν | | | haec | — | — | — | — | εἶπεν | He spoke | ||||||
| — | παραβολὴν | a parable | παραβολην | | | parabolam | parabolam | a parable | ܠܡܐܡܪ | a parable | παραβολήν | a parable | ||||||
| — | διὰ | because | δια | | | eorum | eo | because | ܡܬܠܐ | because | διὰ | because | ||||||
| — | τὸ | <the> | το | | | iuxta | — | — | — | — | τὸ | <the> | ||||||
| — | ἐγγὺς | near | — | | | quod | quod | near | ܡܛܠ | near | ἐγγὺς | near | ||||||
| — | εἶναι | being | ειναι | | | esset | esset | being | ܕܩܪܝܒ | being | αὐτὸν | being | ||||||
| — | Ἰερουσαλὴμ | to Jerusalem | — | | | propter | prope | to Jerusalem | ܗܘܐ | to Jerusalem | εἶναι | to Jerusalem | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | He | αυτον | | | — | Jerusalem | He | ܠܐܘܪܫܠܡ | He | Ἱερουσαλήμ | He | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܤܒܪܝܢ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | δοκεῖν | thinking | δοκειν | | | quia | quia | thinking | ܗܘܘ | thinking | δοκεῖν | thinking | ||||||
| — | αὐτοὺς | they | — | | | hierusalem | existimarent | they | ܕܒܗܝ | they | αὐτοὺς | they | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὅτι | that | ||||||
| — | παραχρῆμα | immediately | — | | | putare | quod | immediately | ܫܥܬܐ | immediately | παραχρῆμα | immediately | ||||||
| — | μέλλει | is about | μελλει | | | confestim | confestim | is about | ܥܬܝܕܐ | is about | μέλλει | is about | ||||||
| — | ἡ | the | η | | | incipiet | — | — | — | — | ἡ | the | ||||||
| — | βασιλεία | kingdom | βασιλεια | | | regnum | regnum | kingdom | ܕܬܬܓܠܐ | kingdom | βασιλεία | kingdom | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | ||||||
| — | θεοῦ | of God | θυ | | | dei | Dei | of God | ܡܠܟܘܬܗ | of God | θεοῦ | of God | ||||||
| — | ἀναφαίνεσθαι.¶ | to appear. | αναφαινεσθαι | | | reuelari | manifestaretur | to appear. | ܕܐܠܗܐ | to appear. | ἀναφαίνεσθαι | to appear. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 22:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||