The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | — | | | et | Et | And | ܗܢܘܢ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | αὐτοὶ | they themselves | αυτοι | | | ipsi | ipsi | they themselves | ܕܝܢ | they themselves | αὐτοὶ | they themselves | ||||||
| — | οὐδὲν | no thing | — | | | nihil | nihil | no thing | ܚܕܐ | no thing | οὐδὲν | no thing | ||||||
| — | τούτων | of these things | τουτων | | | horum | horum | of these things | ܡܢ | of these things | τούτων | of these things | ||||||
| — | συνῆκαν, | understood, | συνηκαν | | | i | intellexerunt | understood, | ܗܠܝܢ | understood, | συνῆκαν | understood, | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | — | | | autem | et | and | ܠܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἦν | was | ην | | | erat | erat | was | ܐܤܬܟܠܘ | was | ἦν | was | ||||||
| — | τὸ | <the> | το | | | dicebantur | — | — | — | — | τὸ | <the> | ||||||
| — | ῥῆμα | declaration | ρημα | | | uerbum | verbum | declaration | ܡܟܤܝܐ | declaration | ῥῆμα | declaration | ||||||
| — | τοῦτο | this | — | | | — | istud | this | ܗܘܬ | this | τοῦτο | this | ||||||
| — | κεκρυμμένον | hidden | κεκρυμμενον | | | absconsum | absconditum | hidden | ܡܢܗܘܢ | hidden | κεκρυμμένον | hidden | ||||||
| — | ἀπ᾽ | from | απ | | | ab | ab | from | ܡܠܬܐ | from | ἀπ’ | from | ||||||
| — | αὐτῶν, | them, | αυτων | | | eis | eis | them, | ܗܕܐ | them, | αὐτῶν | them, | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | sed | et | and | ܘܠܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | οὐκ | neither | ουκ | | | — | non | neither | ܝܕܥܝܢ | neither | οὐκ | neither | ||||||
| — | ἐγίνωσκον | they were knowing | εγεινωσκον | | | intellexerunt | intelligebant | they were knowing | ܗܘܘ | they were knowing | ἐγίνωσκον | they were knowing | ||||||
| — | τὰ | the things | τα | | | nesciebant | — | — | — | — | τὰ | the things | ||||||
| — | λεγόμενα.¶ | being spoken. | λεγομενα | | | quae | quæ | being spoken. | ܕܡܬܡܠܠܢ | being spoken. | λεγόμενα | being spoken. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 22:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||