The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | παραδοθήσεται | He will be betrayed | παραδοθησεται | | | tradetur | tradetur | He will be betrayed | ܢܫܬܠܡ | He will be betrayed | Παραδοθήσεται | He will be betrayed | ||||||
| — | γὰρ | for | — | | | quoniam | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | ||||||
| — | τοῖς | to the | τοις | | | iniuriabitur | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | to the | ||||||
| — | ἔθνεσιν | Gentiles | — | | | gentibus | gentibus | Gentiles | — | — | ἔθνεσιν | Gentiles | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܠܥܡܡܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἐμπαιχθήσεται | will be mocked | — | | | — | illudetur | will be mocked | ܘܢܒܙܚܘܢ | will be mocked | ἐμπαιχθήσεται | will be mocked | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܒܗ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ὑβρισθήσεται | will be insulted | — | | | espuent | flagellabitur | will be insulted | — | — | ὑβρισθήσεται | will be insulted | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | — | | | in | et | and | ܘܢܪܩܘܢ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἐμπτυσθήσεται, | will be spit upon, | — | | | eum | conspuetur | will be spit upon, | ܒܐܦܘܗܝ | will be spit upon, | ἐμπτυσθήσεται | will be spit upon, | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 22:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||