The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Ὁ | <the> | ο | | | autem | — | — | — | — | Ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | δὲ | And | δε | | | haec | His | And | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | And | ||||||
| — | ἀκούσας | having heard | ακουσας | | | ille | ille | having heard | ܟܕ | having heard | ἀκούσας | having heard | ||||||
| — | ταῦτα | these things | ταυτα | | | audiens | auditis | these things | ܫܡܥ | these things | ταῦτα | these things | ||||||
| — | περίλυπος | very sorrowful | περιλυπος | | | tristis | contristatus | very sorrowful | ܗܠܝܢ | very sorrowful | περίλυπος | very sorrowful | ||||||
| — | ἐγενήθη· | he became; | — | | | est | est | he became; | ܟܪܝܬ | he became; | ἐγένετο | he became; | ||||||
| — | ἦν | he was | ην | | | — | quia | he was | ܠܗ | he was | ἦν | he was | ||||||
| — | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | diues | dives | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | ||||||
| — | πλούσιος | rich | πλουσιος | | | erat | erat | rich | ܗܘܐ | rich | πλούσιος | rich | ||||||
| — | σφόδρα.¶ | extremely. | σφοδρα | | | ualde | valde | extremely. | ܓܝܪ | extremely. | σφόδρα | extremely. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 22:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||