The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
απεκριθηP66 · P75 | Answered | Ἀπεκρίθη | Answered | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | Respondit | Answered | ܥܢܐ | Answered | Ἀπεκρίθη | Answered | ||||||
ισP66 · P75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | Ἰησοῦς | <the> | ||||||
αμηνP66 · P75 | Jesus; | Ἰησοῦς· | Jesus; | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | Jesus | Jesus; | ܝܫܘܥ | Jesus; | Ἀμὴν | Jesus; | ||||||
αμηP66 · P75 | Amen | ἀμὴν | Amen | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | Amen | Amen | ܐܡܝܢ | truly | ἀμὴν | Amen | ||||||
λεγωP66 · P75 | Amen | ἀμὴν | Amen | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | amen | Amen | ܐܡܝܢ | truly | λέγω | Amen | ||||||
σοιP66 · P75 | I say | λέγω | I say | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | dico | I say | ܐܡܝܢ | I say | σοι | I say | ||||||
εανP66 · P75 | to you, | σοι, | to you, | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | tibi | to you, | ܐܡܝܢ | to you, | ἐὰν | to you, | ||||||
μηP66 · P75 | only | ἐὰν | only | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | nisi | only | ܐܡܪ | only | μή | only | ||||||
τισP66 · P75 | unless | μή | unless | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | quis | unless | ܐܢܐ | unless | τις | unless | ||||||
γεννηθηP66 · P75 | someone | τις | someone | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | renatus | someone | ܠܟ | someone | γεννηθῇ | someone | ||||||
εξP66 · P75 | shall be born | γεννηθῇ | shall be born | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | fuerit | shall be born | ܕܐܢ | shall be born | ἐξ | shall be born | ||||||
υδατοσP66 · P75 | of | ἐξ | of | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | ex | of | ܐܢܫ | of | ὕδατος | of | ||||||
καιP66 · P75 | water | ὕδατος | water | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | aqua | water | ܠܐ | water | καὶ | water | ||||||
πνσP66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | et | and | ܡܬܝܠܕ | and | πνεύματος | and | ||||||
ουP66 · P75 | of the Spirit, | πνεύματος, | of the Spirit, | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | Spiritu Sancto | Holy Spirit | ܡܢ | of the Spirit, | οὐ | of the Spirit, | ||||||
δυναταιP66 · P75 | not | οὐ | not | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | non | not | ܡܝܐ | not | δύναται | not | ||||||
εισελθεινP66 · P75 | he is able | δύναται | he is able | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | potest | is able | ܘܪܘܚܐ | he is able | εἰσελθεῖν | he is able | ||||||
εισP66 · P75 | to enter | εἰσελθεῖν | to enter | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | introire | to enter | ܠܐ | to enter | εἰς | to enter | ||||||
τηνP66 · P75 | into | εἰς | into | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | in | into | ܡܫܟܚ | into | τὴν | into | ||||||
βασιλιανP66 · P75 | the | τὴν | the | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | βασιλείαν | the | ||||||
τουP66 · P75 | kingdom | βασιλείαν | kingdom | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | regnum | kingdom | ܕܢܥܘܠ | kingdom | τοῦ | kingdom | ||||||
θυP66 · P75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | θεοῦ | <the> | ||||||
θεοῦ.¶P66 · P75 | of God. | θεοῦ.¶ | of God. | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | Dei | of God | ܠܡܠܟܘܬܐ | of God. | θεοῦ.¶ | of God. | ||||||
| Next Verse Available | Resumes at 3:26 | ||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||