The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP66 · P75 | And | καὶ | And | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | Et | And | ܘܠܐ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
ουδισP66 · P75 | no one | οὐδεὶς | no one | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | nemo | no one | ܐܢܫ | no one | οὐδεὶς | no one | ||||||
αναβεβηκενP66 · P75 | has gone up | ἀναβέβηκεν | has gone up | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | ascendit | has gone up | ܤܠܩ | has gone up | ἀναβέβηκεν | has gone up | ||||||
εισP66 · P75 | into | εἰς | into | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | in | into | ܠܫܡܝܐ | into | εἰς | into | ||||||
τονP66 · P75 | <the> | τὸν | <the> | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | τὸν | <the> | ||||||
ουρανοP66 · P75 | heaven | οὐρανὸν | heaven | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | cælum | heaven | ܐܠܐ | heaven | οὐρανόν | heaven | ||||||
ειP66 · P75 | only | εἰ | only | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | nisi | only | ܗܘ | only | εἰ | only | ||||||
μηP66 · P75 | except | μὴ | except | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | qui | except | ܕܢܚܬ | except | μὴ | except | ||||||
οP66 · P75 | the One | ὁ | the One | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the One | ||||||
εκP66 · P75 | out of | ἐκ | out of | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | descendit | out of | — | — | ἐκ | out of | ||||||
τουP66 · P75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | ||||||
ουρανουP66 · P75 | heaven | οὐρανοῦ | heaven | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | de | heaven | ܡܢ | heaven | οὐρανοῦ | heaven | ||||||
καταβασP66 · P75 | having come down, | καταβάς, | having come down, | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | cælo | having come down, | ܫܡܝܐ | having come down, | καταβάς | having come down, | ||||||
οP66 · P75 | the | ὁ | the | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | ||||||
υσP66 · P75 | Son | υἱὸς | Son | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | Filius | Son | ܒܪܗ | Son | υἱὸς | Son | ||||||
τουP66 · P75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | ||||||
ανθρωπουP66 · P75 | of Man | ἀνθρώπου | of Man | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | hominis | of Man | ܕܐܢܫܐ | of Man | ἀνθρώπου | of Man | ||||||
ὁP66 · P75 | who | ὁ | who | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | ὁ | who | ||||||
ὢνP66 · P75 | is being | ὢν | is being | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | qui | is being | ܗܘ | is being | ὢν | is being | ||||||
ἐνP66 · P75 | in | ἐν | in | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | est | in | ܕܐܝܬܘܗܝ | in | ἐν | in | ||||||
τῷP66 · P75 | <the> | τῷ | <the> | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | — | — | — | — | τῷ | <the> | ||||||
οὐρανῷ.P66 · P75 | heaven. | οὐρανῷ. | heaven. | MS lacuna | MS lacuna | in | heaven. | ܒܫܡܝܐ | heaven. | οὐρανῷ | heaven. | ||||||
| Next Verse Available | Resumes at 3:26 | ||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||