The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
αλλP66 | But | ἀλλ᾽ | But | αλλ | | | sed | Sed | But | ܐܠܐ | But | Ἀλλ’ | But | |||||
εγωP66 | I myself | ἐγὼ | I myself | εγω | | | ego | ego | I myself | ܐܢܐ | I myself | ἐγὼ | I myself | |||||
τηνP66 | the | τὴν | the | την | | | eam | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | |||||
αληθειανP66 | truth | ἀλήθειαν | truth | αληθειαν | | | ueritatem | veritatem | truth | ܫܪܪܐ | truth | ἀλήθειαν | truth | |||||
λεγωP66 | say | λέγω | say | λεγω | | | dico | dico | say | ܐܡܪ | say | λέγω | say | |||||
υμινP66 | to you; | ὑμῖν· | to you; | ϋμειν | | | uobis | vobis | to you; | ܐܢܐ | to you; | ὑμῖν | to you; | |||||
συμφερειP66 | it is profitable | συμφέρει | it is profitable | συμφερει | | | expedit | expedit | it is profitable | ܠܟܘܢ | it is profitable | συμφέρει | it is profitable | |||||
υμινP66 | for you | ὑμῖν | for you | ϋμειν | | | uobis | vobis | for you | — | — | ὑμῖν | for you | |||||
ιναP66 | that | ἵνα | that | ϊνα | | | ut | ut | that | ܕܦܩܚ | that | ἵνα | that | |||||
εγωP66 | I myself | ἐγὼ | I myself | εγω | | | ego | ego | I myself | ܠܟܘܢ | I myself | ἐγὼ | I myself | |||||
απελθωP66 | may go away; | ἀπέλθω· | may go away; | απελθω | | | — | vadam | may go away; | ܕܐܢܐ | may go away; | ἀπέλθω | may go away; | |||||
εανP66 | only | ἐὰν | only | εαν | | | si | si | only | ܐܙܠ | only | ἐὰν | only | |||||
γαρP66 | for | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | enim | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | |||||
μηP66 | I myself | ἐγὼ | I myself | — | | | non | non | I myself | ܓܝܪ | I myself | ἐγὼ | I myself | |||||
απελθωP66 | unless | μὴ | unless | μη | | | — | — | — | ܐܢܐ | unless | μὴ | unless | |||||
οP66 | I shall go away, | ἀπέλθω, | I shall go away, | απελθω | | | iero | abiero | I shall go away, | ܠܐ | I shall go away, | ἀπέλθω | I shall go away, | |||||
παρακλητοσP66 | the | ὁ | the | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | |||||
ουκP66 | Helper | παράκλητος | Helper | παρακλητος | | | paracletus | Paraclitus | Helper | ܐܙܠ | Helper | παράκλητος | Helper | |||||
ελευσεταιP66 | not | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | non | non | not | ܐܢܐ | not | οὐκ | not | |||||
προσP66 | will come | ἐλεύσεται | will come | ελευσεται | | | ueniet | veniet | will come | ܦܪܩܠܛܐ | will come | ἐλεύσεται | will come | |||||
υμασP66 | to | πρὸς | to | προς | | | ad | ad | to | ܠܐ | to | πρὸς | to | |||||
εανP66 | you; | ὑμᾶς· | you; | ϋμας | | | uos | vos | you; | — | — | ὑμᾶς | you; | |||||
δεP66 | if | ἐὰν | if | εαν | | | si | si | if | ܐܬܐ | if | ἐὰν | if | |||||
πορευθωP66 | however | δὲ | however | δε | | | autem | autem | however | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | however | |||||
πεμψωP66 | I shall go, | πορευθῶ, | I shall go, | πορευθω | | | iero | abiero | I shall go, | ܐܢ | I shall go, | πορευθῶ | I shall go, | |||||
αυτονP66 | I will send | πέμψω | I will send | πεμψω | | | mittam | mittam | I will send | ܕܝܢ | I will send | πέμψω | I will send | |||||
προσP66 | Him | αὐτὸν | Him | αυτον | | | eum | eum | Him | ܐܙܠ | Him | αὐτὸν | Him | |||||
υμασP66 | to | πρὸς | to | προς | | | ad | ad | to | ܐܫܕܪܝܘܗܝ | to | πρὸς | to | |||||
ὑμᾶς.P66 | you. | ὑμᾶς. | you. | ϋμας | | | uos | vos | you. | ܠܘܬܟܘܢ | you. | ὑμᾶς | you. | |||||
| Next Fragment: John 16:10 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||