The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Earliest Papyrus c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Sinaiticus c. 350 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
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| καὶ | And | καὶ | And | καὶ | And | Et | and | ܘܗܕܐ | These | καὶ | And | ||||||
| αὕτη | this | αὕτη | this | αὕτη | this | hoc | — | ܗܝ | are | αὕτη | this | ||||||
| ἐστὶν | is | ἐστὶν | is | ἐστὶν | is | est | — | ܤܗܕܘܬܗ | who | ἐστὶν | is | ||||||
| ἡ | the | ἡ | the | ἡ | the | — | — | — | — | ἡ | the | ||||||
| μαρτυρία | testimony | μαρτυρία | testimony | μαρτυρία | testimony | testimonium | testimony | ܕܝܘܚܢܢ | and | μαρτυρία | testimony | ||||||
| τοῦ | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | ||||||
| Ἰωάννου | of John | Ἰωάννου | of John | Ἰωάνου | of John | Joannis | — | ܟܕ | of | Ἰωάννου | of John | ||||||
| ὅτε | when | ὅτε | when | ὅτε | when | quando | when (interog) | ܫܕܪܘ | thing | ὅτε | when | ||||||
| ἀπέστειλαν | sent | ἀπέστειλαν | sent | ἀπέστειλαν | sent | miserunt | — | ܠܘܬܗ | walking | ἀπέστειλαν | sent | ||||||
| πρὸς | to | πρὸς | to | πρὸς | to | Judæi | — | ܝܗܘܕܝܐ | to | — | — | ||||||
| αὐτὸν | him | αὐτὸν | him | αὐτὸν | him | ab | by (agent) | ܡܢ | own | — | — | ||||||
| οἱ | the | οἱ | the | οἱ | the | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | ||||||
| Ἰουδαῖοι | Jews | Ἰουδαῖοι | Jews | Ἰουδαῖοι | Jews | Jerosolymis | — | ܐܘܪܫܠܡ | desires | Ἰουδαῖοι | Jews | ||||||
| ἐξ | from | ἐξ | from | ἐξ | from | sacerdotes | — | ܟܗܢܐ | mouth | ἐξ | from | ||||||
| Ἱεροσολύμων | Jerusalem | Ἱεροσολύμων | Jerusalem | Ἱεροσολύμων | Jerusalem | et | and | ܘܠܘܝܐ | portentous | Ἱεροσολύμων | Jerusalem | ||||||
| ἱερεῖς | priests | ἱερεῖς | priests | ἱερεῖς | priests | Levitas | levity | ܕܢܫܐܠܘܢܝܗܝ | and | ἱερεῖς | priests | ||||||
| καὶ | and | καὶ | and | καὶ | and | ad | about (with numerals) | ܐܢܬ | persons | καὶ | and | ||||||
| Λευίτας | Levites | Λευίτας | Levites | Λευείτας | Levites | eum | — | ܡܢ | the | Λευίτας | Levites | ||||||
| ἵνα | that | ἵνα | that | ἵνα | that | ut | to (+ subjunctive) | ܐܢܬ | of | ἵνα | that | ||||||
| ἐρωτήσωσιν | they may ask | ἐρωτήσωσιν | they may ask | ἐρωτήσωσιν | they may ask | interrogarent | — | — | — | ἐρωτήσωσιν | they may ask | ||||||
| αὐτόν· | him; | αὐτόν· | him; | αὐτόν· | him; | eum | — | — | — | αὐτόν· | him; | ||||||
| σὺ | You yourself | σὺ | You yourself | σὺ | You yourself | Tu | you (sing.) | — | — | σὺ | You yourself | ||||||
| τίς | who | τίς | who | τίς | who | quis | who | — | — | τίς | who | ||||||
| εἶ; | are? | εἶ; | are? | εἶ; | are? | es | eating | — | — | εἶ; | are? | ||||||