The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Ταῦτα | These things | ταυτα | | | haec | Hæc | These things | ܟܕ | These things | Ταῦτα | These things | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ | when he | αυτου | | | illis | illo | when he | ܕܝܢ | when he | αὐτοῦ | when he | ||||||
| — | λαλοῦντος | is speaking | λαλουντος | | | loquente | loquente | is speaking | ܗܠܝܢ | is speaking | λαλοῦντος | is speaking | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῖς | to them | αυτοις | | | ei | ad | to them | ܡܡܠܠ | to them | αὐτοῖς | to them | ||||||
| — | ἰδοὺ | behold | ϊδου | | | eo | eos | behold | ܗܐ | behold | ἰδού | behold | ||||||
| — | ἄρχων | a ruler | αρχων | | | ecce | ecce | a ruler | ܗܘܐ | a ruler | ἄρχων | a ruler | ||||||
| — | εἷς | certain | εις | | | princeps | princeps | certain | ܥܡܗܘܢ | certain | εἷς | certain | ||||||
| — | ἐλθὼν | having come | ελθων | | | unus | unus | having come | ܐܬܐ | having come | ἐλθὼν | having come | ||||||
| — | προσεκύνει | was kneeling down | προσεκυνι | | | — | accessit | was kneeling down | ܐܪܟܘܢܐ | was kneeling down | προσεκύνει | was kneeling down | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ | to Him | αυτω | | | et | et | to Him | ܚܕ | to Him | αὐτῷ | to Him | ||||||
| — | λέγων | saying | λεγων | | | adorabat | adorabat | saying | ܩܪܒ | saying | λέγων | saying | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | that | — | | | mortua | eum | that | ܤܓܕ | that | ὅτι | that | ||||||
| — | ἡ | The | η | | | dicens | — | — | — | — | Ἡ | The | ||||||
| — | θυγάτηρ | daughter | θυγατηρ | | | ueniens | Domine | daughter | — | — | θυγάτηρ | daughter | ||||||
| — | μου | of Mine | μου | | | filia | filia | of Mine | ܠܗ | of Mine | μου | of Mine | ||||||
| — | ἄρτι | presently | αρτι | | | mea | mea | presently | ܘܐܡܪ | presently | ἄρτι | presently | ||||||
| — | ἐτελεύτησεν· | has died; | ετελευτησεν | | | modo | modo | has died; | ܒܪܬܝ | has died; | ἐτελεύτησεν | has died; | ||||||
| — | ἀλλ᾽ | but | — | | | — | defuncta | but | ܗܫܐ | but | ἀλλὰ | but | ||||||
| — | ἐλθὼν | having come | ελθων | | | est | est | having come | ܡܝܬܬ | having come | ἐλθὼν | having come | ||||||
| — | ἐπίθες | do lay | επιθες | | | sed | sed | do lay | ܐܠܐ | do lay | ἐπίθες | do lay | ||||||
| — | τὴν | the | την | | | ueniens | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | ||||||
| — | χεῖρά | hand | χειρα | | | inpone | impone | hand | ܬܐ | hand | χεῖρά | hand | ||||||
| — | σου | of You | σου | | | manum | manum | of You | — | — | σου | of You | ||||||
| — | ἐπ᾽ | upon | επ | | | tuam | tuam | upon | ܤܝܡ | upon | ἐπ’ | upon | ||||||
| — | αὐτήν, | her, | αυτην | | | super | super | her, | ܐܝܕܟ | her, | αὐτήν | her, | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | eam | eam | and | ܥܠܝܗ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ζήσεται. | she will live. | ζησεται | | | uiuet | et | she will live. | ܘܬܚܐ | she will live. | ζήσεται | she will live. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 10:13 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||