The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Μακάριοι | Blessed are | μακαριοι | | | beati | Beati | Blessed are | ܛܘܒܝܗܘܢ | Blessed are | Μακάριοι | Blessed are | ||||||
| — | οἱ | those | οι | | | qui | — | — | — | — | οἱ | those | ||||||
| — | δεδιωγμένοι | persecuted | δεδιωγμενοι | | | persecutionem | persecutionem patiuntur | suffer persecution | ܠܐܝܠܝܢ | persecuted | δεδιωγμένοι | persecuted | ||||||
| — | ἕνεκεν | on account of | ενεκεν | | | propter | propter | for | ܕܐܬܪܕܦܘ | on account of | ἕνεκεν | on account of | ||||||
| — | δικαιοσύνης, | righteousness, | δικαιοσυνης | | | iustitia | justitiam | righteousness | ܡܛܠ | righteousness, | δικαιοσύνης | righteousness, | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | for | οτι | | | patiuntur | quoniam | for | ܟܐܢܘܬܐ | for | ὅτι | for | ||||||
| — | αὐτῶν | theirs | αυτων | | | ipsorum | ipsorum | theirs | ܕܕܝܠܗܘܢ | theirs | αὐτῶν | theirs | ||||||
| — | ἐστιν | is | — | | | — | est | is | ܗܝ | is | ἐστιν | is | ||||||
| — | ἡ | the | η | | | quia | — | — | — | — | ἡ | the | ||||||
| — | βασιλεία | kingdom | βασιλεια | | | regnum | regnum | kingdom | ܡܠܟܘܬܐ | kingdom | βασιλεία | kingdom | ||||||
| — | τῶν | of the | των | | | erit | — | — | — | — | τῶν | of the | ||||||
| — | οὐρανῶν.¶ | heavens. | ουρανων | | | caelorum | caelorum | of heavens | ܕܫܡܝܐ | heavens. | οὐρανῶν | heavens. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 5:13 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||