The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ἔφη | was saying | εφη | | | ait | Ait | was saying | ܐܡܪ | was saying | Ἔφη | was saying | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ | to him | αυτω | | | ei | illi | to him | ܠܗ | to him | αὐτῷ | to him | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | iterum | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦς· | Jesus; | — | | | ihs | Jesus | Jesus; | ܝܫܘܥ | Jesus; | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus; | ||||||
| — | πάλιν | Again | παλιν | | | — | Rursum | Again | ܬܘܒ | Again | Πάλιν | Again | ||||||
| — | γέγραπται· | it has been written: | γεγραπται | | | scriptum | scriptum est | it is written | — | — | γέγραπται | it has been written: | ||||||
| — | οὐκ | Not | — | | | non | Non | not | ܟܬܝܒ | Not | Οὐκ | Not | ||||||
| — | ἐκπειράσεις | you will test | — | | | est | tentabis | you will tempt | ܕܠܐ | you will test | ἐκπειράσεις | you will test | ||||||
| — | κύριον | the Lord | κν | | | dnm | Dominum | the Lord | ܬܢܤܐ | the Lord | κύριον | the Lord | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the | τον | | | temptauis | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | ||||||
| — | θεόν | God | θν | | | dm | Deum | God | ܠܡܪܝܐ | God | θεόν | God | ||||||
| — | σου.¶ | of you.’ | σου | | | tuum | tuum | your | ܐܠܗܟ | of you.’ | σου | of you.’ | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 4:11 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||