The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܙܠܝܢ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ταχὺ | quickly | ταχυ | | | cito | cito | quickly | ܒܥܓܠ | quickly | ταχὺ | quickly | ||||||
| — | πορευθεῖσαι | having gone | πορευθεισαι | | | euntes | euntes | having gone | — | — | πορευθεῖσαι | having gone | ||||||
| — | εἴπατε | do say | ειπατε | | | dicite | dicite | do say | ܐܡܪܝܢ | do say | εἴπατε | do say | ||||||
| — | τοῖς | to the | τοις | | | praecedit | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | to the | ||||||
| — | μαθηταῖς | disciples | μαθηταις | | | discipulis | discipulis | disciples | ܠܬܠܡܝܕܘܗܝ | disciples | μαθηταῖς | disciples | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ | of Him | αυτου | | | — | — | — | ܕܩܡ | of Him | αὐτοῦ | of Him | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | eius | ejus | that | — | — | ὅτι | that | ||||||
| — | ἠγέρθη | He is risen | ηγερθη | | | quia | quia | He is risen | ܡܢ | He is risen | Ἠγέρθη | He is risen | ||||||
| — | ἀπὸ | from | — | | | surrexit | surrexit | from | ܒܝܬ | from | ἀπὸ | from | ||||||
| — | τῶν | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | the | ||||||
| — | νεκρῶν, | dead | — | | | et | et | dead | ܡܝܬܐ | dead | νεκρῶν | dead | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | ecce | ecce | and | — | — | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἰδοὺ | behold | — | | | — | præcedit | behold | ܗܐ | behold | ἰδού | behold | ||||||
| — | προάγει | He goes before | προαγει | | | uos | vos | He goes before | ܩܕܡ | He goes before | προάγει | He goes before | ||||||
| — | ὑμᾶς | you | ϋμας | | | in | in | you | ܠܟܘܢ | you | ὑμᾶς | you | ||||||
| — | εἰς | into | εις | | | galilaea | Galilæam | into | ܠܓܠܝܠܐ | into | εἰς | into | ||||||
| — | τὴν | <the> | την | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὴν | <the> | ||||||
| — | Γαλιλαίαν· | Galilee; | γαλιλαιαν | | | ibi | ibi | Galilee; | — | — | Γαλιλαίαν | Galilee; | ||||||
| — | ἐκεῖ | there | εκει | | | — | — | — | ܬܡܢ | there | ἐκεῖ | there | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | Him | αυτον | | | eum | eum | Him | ܬܚܙܘܢܝܗܝ | Him | αὐτὸν | Him | ||||||
| — | ὄψεσθε. | you will behold. | — | | | uideuitis | videbitis | you will behold. | ܗܐ | you will behold. | ὄψεσθε | you will behold. | ||||||
| — | ἰδοὺ | Behold | ϊδου | | | — | ecce | Behold | ܗܐ | behold | ἰδού | Behold | ||||||
| — | εἶπον | I have told | ειπον | | | dixi | prædixi | I have told | ܐܡܪܬ | I have told | εἶπον | I have told | ||||||
| — | ὑμῖν.¶ | you. | ϋμειν | | | uobis | vobis | you. | ܠܟܝܢ | you. | ὑμῖν | you. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 1:7 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||