The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | οὐκ | Not | ουκ | | | non | Non | Not | ܠܐ | Not | Οὐκ | Not | ||||||
| — | ἔστιν | He is | εστιν | | | est | est | He is | ܗܘܐ | He is | ἔστιν | He is | ||||||
| — | ὧδε· | here; | ωδε | | | hic | hic | here; | ܬܢܢ | here; | ὧδε | here; | ||||||
| — | ἠγέρθη | He is risen | ηγερθη | | | surrexit | surrexit | He is risen | ܩܡ | He is risen | ἠγέρθη | He is risen | ||||||
| — | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | enim | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γάρ | for | ||||||
| — | καθὼς | even as | καθως | | | sicut | sicut | even as | ܓܝܪ | even as | καθὼς | even as | ||||||
| — | εἶπεν. | He said. | ειπεν | | | dixit | dixit | He said. | ܐܝܟܢܐ | He said. | εἶπεν | He said. | ||||||
| — | δεῦτε | Come | δευτε | | | uenite | venite | Come | ܕܐܡܪ | Come | Δεῦτε | Come | ||||||
| — | ἴδετε | do see | — | | | dms | et | do see | ܬܐܝܝܢ | do see | ἴδετε | do see | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the | τον | | | uide | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | ||||||
| — | τόπον | place | τοπον | | | locum | locum | place | ܕܘܟܬܐ | place | τόπον | place | ||||||
| — | ὅπου | where | οπου | | | ubi | ubi | where | ܕܤܝܡ | where | ὅπου | where | ||||||
| — | ἔκειτο | He was lying | εκειτο | | | positus | positus | He was lying | ܗܘܐ | He was lying | ἔκειτο | He was lying | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | erat | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | ||||||
| — | κύριος. | Lord. | — | | | — | Dominus | Lord. | ܡܪܢ | Lord. | κύριος | Lord. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 1:7 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||