The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
εγρηγορειτεP37 | do watch | γρηγορεῖτε | do watch | — | | | uigilate | Vigilate | do watch | ܐܬܬܥܝܪܘ | do watch | Γρηγορεῖτε | do watch | |||||
καιP37 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܨܠܘ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
προσευχεσθεP37 | do pray | προσεύχεσθε | do pray | — | | | orate | orate | do pray | — | — | προσεύχεσθε | do pray | |||||
ιναP37 | that | ἵνα | that | ϊνα | | | ut | ut | that | ܕܠܐ | that | ἵνα | that | |||||
μηP37 | not | μὴ | not | μη | | | non | non | not | ܬܥܠܘܢ | not | μὴ | not | |||||
ελθητεP37 | you may enter | εἰσέλθητε | you may enter | — | | | intretis | intretis | you may enter | — | — | εἰσέλθητε | you may enter | |||||
εισP37 | into | εἰς | into | εις | | | in | in | into | ܠܢܤܝܘܢܐ | into | εἰς | into | |||||
πειρασμονP37 | temptation. | πειρασμόν. | temptation. | πειρασμον | | | temptatione | tentationem | temptation. | ܪܘܚܐ | temptation. | πειρασμόν | temptation. | |||||
τοP37 | The | τὸ | The | το | | | infirmis | — | — | — | — | Τὸ | The | |||||
μενP37 | indeed | μὲν | indeed | μεν | | | — | Spiritus | indeed | — | — | μὲν | indeed | |||||
πναP37 | spirit | πνεῦμα | spirit | πνα | | | quidem | quidem | spirit | ܡܛܝܒܐ | spirit | πνεῦμα | spirit | |||||
προθυμονP37 | is willing | πρόθυμον | is willing | προθυμον | | | pronptus | promptus | is willing | ܦܓܪܐ | is willing | πρόθυμον | is willing | |||||
ηP37 | <the> | ἡ | <the> | η | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἡ | <the> | |||||
δεP37 | however | δὲ | however | δε | | | sps | est | however | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | however | |||||
σαρξP37 | the flesh | σὰρξ | the flesh | σαρξ | | | caro | caro | the flesh | ܕܝܢ | the flesh | σὰρξ | the flesh | |||||
ασθενησP37 | weak. | ἀσθενής.¶ | weak. | ασθενης | | | autem | autem | weak. | ܟܪܝܗ | weak. | ἀσθενής | weak. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||