The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
τοτεP37 · P45 · P53 | Then | Τότε | Then | τοτε | | | tunc | Tunc | Then | ܗܝܕܝܢ | Then | Τότε | Then | |||||
ερχεταιP37 · P45 · P53 | comes | ἔρχεται | comes | ερχεται | | | uenit | venit | comes | ܐܬܐ | comes | ἔρχεται | comes | |||||
μετP37 · P45 · P53 | with | μετ᾽ | with | — | | | ihs | Jesus | with | — | — | μετ’ | with | |||||
αυτωνP37 · P45 · P53 | them | αὐτῶν | them | — | | | cum | cum | them | ܥܡܗܘܢ | them | αὐτῶν | them | |||||
οP37 · P45 · P53 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | illic | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
ιησP37 · P45 · P53 | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | in | in | Jesus | ܝܫܘܥ | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | |||||
εισP37 · P45 · P53 | to | εἰς | to | εις | | | eis | villam | to | — | — | εἰς | to | |||||
χωριονP37 · P45 · P53 | a place | χωρίον | a place | χωριον | | | qui | quæ | a place | ܠܕܘܟܬܐ | a place | χωρίον | a place | |||||
λεγομενονP37 · P45 · P53 | being named | λεγόμενον | being named | λεγομενον | | | dicitur | dicitur | being named | ܕܡܬܩܪܝܐ | being named | λεγόμενον | being named | |||||
γεθσημανειP37 · P45 · P53 | Gethsemane | Γεθσημανὶ | Gethsemane | — | | | getsamani | Gethsemani | Gethsemane | ܓܕܤܡܢ | Gethsemane | Γεθσημανῆ | Gethsemane | |||||
καιP37 · P45 · P53 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | — | — | καὶ | and | |||||
λεγειP37 · P45 · P53 | He says | λέγει | He says | λεγει | | | agrum | dixit | He says | ܘܐܡܪ | He says | λέγει | He says | |||||
τοισP37 · P45 · P53 | to the | τοῖς | to the | τοις | | | discipulis | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | to the | |||||
μαθηταισP37 · P45 · P53 | disciples; | μαθηταῖς· | disciples; | μαθηταις | | | suis | suis | disciples; | ܠܬܠܡܝܕܘܗܝ | disciples; | μαθηταῖς | disciples; | |||||
καθισατεP37 · P45 · P53 | do sit | καθίσατε | do sit | — | | | sedete | Sedete | do sit | ܬܒܘ | do sit | Καθίσατε | do sit | |||||
αυτουP37 · P45 · P53 | here | αὐτοῦ | here | αυτου | | | dicit | hic | here | — | — | αὐτοῦ | here | |||||
εωσP37 · P45 · P53 | until | ἕως | until | εως | | | — | donec | until | ܗܪܟܐ | until | ἕως | until | |||||
ουP37 · P45 · P53 | that | οὗ | that | — | | | ibidem | vadam | that | ܥܕ | that | οὗ | that | |||||
απελθωνP37 · P45 · P53 | having gone away | ἀπελθὼν | having gone away | απελθων | | | quousque | illuc | having gone away | — | — | ἀπελθὼν | having gone away | |||||
εκειP37 · P45 · P53 | over there | ἐκεῖ | over there | εκει | | | eam | et | over there | ܐܙܠ | over there | προσεύξωμαι | over there | |||||
προσευξωμαιP37 · P45 · P53 | I may pray. | προσεύξωμαι.¶ | I may pray. | — | | | orare | orem | I may pray. | ܐܨܠܐ | I may pray. | ἐκεῖ | I may pray. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||