The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
λεγειP37 · P45 · P53 | Says | Λέγει | Says | λεγει | | | dicit | Ait | Says | ܐܡܪ | Says | Λέγει | Says | |||||
αυτωP37 · P45 · P53 | to Him | αὐτῷ | to Him | αυτω | | | — | illi | to Him | ܠܗ | to Him | αὐτῷ | to Him | |||||
οP37 · P45 · P53 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
πετροσP37 · P45 · P53 | Peter; | Πέτρος· | Peter; | πετρος | | | petrus | Petrus | Peter; | ܟܐܦܐ | Peter; | Πέτρος | Peter; | |||||
κανP37 · P45 · P53 | Even if | κἂν | Even if | καν | | | ei | — | — | — | — | Κἂν | Even if | |||||
δεηP37 · P45 · P53 | it shall be necessary for | δέῃ | it shall be necessary for | δεη | | | et | Etiamsi | it shall be necessary for | ܐܢ | it shall be necessary for | δέῃ | it shall be necessary for | |||||
μεP37 · P45 · P53 | me | με | me | με | | | oportuerit | oportuerit | me | ܢܗܘܐ | me | με | me | |||||
συνP37 · P45 · P53 | with | σὺν | with | συν | | | me | me | with | ܠܝ | with | σὺν | with | |||||
σοιP37 · P45 · P53 | You | σοὶ | You | σοι | | | mori | mori | You | ܠܡܡܬ | You | σοὶ | You | |||||
αποθανεινP37 · P45 · P53 | to die, | ἀποθανεῖν, | to die, | αποθανειν | | | tecum | tecum | to die, | ܥܡܟ | to die, | ἀποθανεῖν | to die, | |||||
ουP37 · P45 · P53 | certainly | οὐ | certainly | ου | | | — | — | — | — | — | οὐ | certainly | |||||
μηP37 · P45 · P53 | not | μή | not | μη | | | non | non | not | ܠܐ | not | μή | not | |||||
σεP37 · P45 · P53 | You | σε | You | σε | | | te | te | You | ܐܟܦܘܪ | You | σε | You | |||||
απαρνησομαιP37 · P45 · P53 | I will deny. | ἀπαρνήσομαι. | I will deny. | απαρνησομαι | | | negabo | negabo | I will deny. | ܒܟ | I will deny. | ἀπαρνήσωμαι | I will deny. | |||||
ομοιωσP37 · P45 · P53 | Likewise | ὁμοίως | Likewise | ομοιως | | | si | Similiter | Likewise | ܘܗܟܘܬ | Likewise | Ὁμοίως | Likewise | |||||
καιP37 · P45 · P53 | now | δὲ | now | — | | | et | et | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | |||||
παντεσP37 · P45 · P53 | also | καὶ | also | και | | | — | — | — | — | — | καὶ | also | |||||
οιP37 · P45 · P53 | all | πάντες | all | παντες | | | omnes | omnes | all | ܟܠܗܘܢ | all | πάντες | all | |||||
μαθηταιP37 · P45 · P53 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | similiter | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
ειπονP37 · P45 · P53 | disciples | μαθηταὶ | disciples | μαθηται | | | discipuli | discipuli | disciples | ܬܠܡܝܕܐ | disciples | μαθηταὶ | disciples | |||||
εἶπαν.¶P37 · P45 · P53 | said. | εἶπαν.¶ | said. | — | | | dixerunt | dixerunt | said. | ܐܡܪܘ | said. | εἶπον | said. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||