The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Ὁ | <the> | ο | | | eis | — | — | — | — | Ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | δὲ | And | δε | | | — | Ipse | And | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | And | ||||||
| — | ἀποκριθεὶς | answering | αποκρειθεις | | | autem | autem | answering | ܕܝܢ | answering | Ἰησοῦς | answering | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | respondens | respondens | Jesus | ܐܡܪ | Jesus | εἶπεν | Jesus | ||||||
| — | εἶπεν | He said | ειπεν | | | dixit | dixit | He said | ܠܗܘܢ | He said | αὐτοῖς | He said | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῖς· | to them; | αυτοις | | | haec | — | — | ܠܐ | to them; | Οὐ | to them; | ||||||
| — | οὐ | Not | — | | | — | illis | Not | ܗܐ | Not | βλέπετε | Not | ||||||
| — | βλέπετε | do you see | βλεπετε | | | uidetis | Videtis | do you see | ܚܙܝܢ | do you see | πάντα | do you see | ||||||
| — | ταῦτα | these things | — | | | quia | hæc | these things | ܐܢܬܘܢ | these things | ταῦτα | these things | ||||||
| — | πάντα; | all | παντα | | | omnia | omnia | all | ܗܠܝܢ | all | Ἀμὴν | all | ||||||
| — | ἀμὴν | Amen | αμην | | | amen | amen | Amen | ܐܡܝܢ | truly | λέγω | Amen | ||||||
| — | λέγω | I say | λεγω | | | dico | dico | I say | ܐܡܝܢ | I say | ὑμῖν | I say | ||||||
| — | ὑμῖν· | to you; | ϋμειν | | | — | — | — | — | — | οὐ | to you; | ||||||
| — | οὐ | certainly | ου | | | uobis | vobis | certainly | ܐܡܪ | certainly | μὴ | certainly | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not even | μη | | | non | non | not even | ܐܢܐ | not even | ἀφεθῇ | not even | ||||||
| — | ἀφεθῇ | may be left | αφεθη | | | relinquetur | relinquetur | may be left | ܠܟܘܢ | may be left | ὧδε | may be left | ||||||
| — | ὧδε | here | ωδε | | | hic | hic | here | ܕܠܐ | here | λίθος | here | ||||||
| — | λίθος | stone | λιθος | | | lapis | lapis | stone | ܬܫܬܒܩ | stone | ἐπὶ | stone | ||||||
| — | ἐπὶ | upon | επι | | | super | super | upon | ܗܪܟܐ | upon | λίθον | upon | ||||||
| — | λίθον | stone | λιθον | | | qui | — | — | ܟܐܦ | stone | ὃς | stone | ||||||
| — | ὃς | which | ος | | | lapidem | lapidem | which | ܥܠ | which | οὐ | which | ||||||
| — | οὐ | not | ου | | | qui | qui | not | ܟܐܦ | not | καταλυθήσεται | not | ||||||
| — | μὴ | indeed | — | | | non | non | indeed | ܕܠܐ | indeed | μὴ | indeed | ||||||
| — | καταλυθήσεται.¶ | will be thrown down. | καταλυθησεται | | | destruetur | destruatur | will be thrown down. | ܬܤܬܬܪ | will be thrown down. | καταλυθήσεται.¶ | will be thrown down. | ||||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||