The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | Et | and | ܘܤܓܝܐܐ | and | Καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | πολλοὶ | many | πολλοι | | | multi | multi | many | ܢܒܝܐ | many | πολλοὶ | many | ||||||
| — | ψευδοπροφῆται | false prophets | ψευδοπροφηται | | | pseudoprophetae | pseudoprophetæ | false prophets | ܕܓܠܐ | false prophets | ψευδοπροφῆται | false prophets | ||||||
| — | ἐγερθήσονται | will arise | — | | | exsurgent | surgent | will arise | — | — | ἐγερθήσονται | will arise | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܢܩܘܡܘܢ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | πλανήσουσιν | they will mislead | πλανησουσιν | | | seducent | seducent | they will mislead | ܘܢܛܥܘܢ | they will mislead | πλανήσουσιν | they will mislead | ||||||
| — | πολλούς· | many; | πολλους | | | multos | multos | many; | ܠܤܓܝܐܐ | many; | πολλούς | many; | ||||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||