The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ωστεP77 | Thus | ὥστε | Thus | ωστε | | | itaque | itaque | Thus | ܡܕܝܢ | Thus | Ὥστε | Thus | |||||
μαρτυρειτεP77 | you bear witness | μαρτυρεῖτε | you bear witness | μαρτυρειτε | | | testes | testimonio | you bear witness | ܡܤܗܕܝܢ | you bear witness | μαρτυρεῖτε | you bear witness | |||||
εαυτοισP77 | to yourselves | ἑαυτοῖς | to yourselves | εαυτοις | | | estis | estis | to yourselves | ܐܢܬܘܢ | to yourselves | ἑαυτοῖς | to yourselves | |||||
οτιP77 | that | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | uobis | vobismetipsis | that | ܥܠ | that | ὅτι | that | |||||
υιοιP77 | sons | υἱοί | sons | ϋιοι | | | quia | quia | sons | ܢܦܫܟܘܢ | sons | υἱοί | sons | |||||
εστεP77 | you are | ἐστε | you are | εστε | | | fili | filii | you are | ܕܒܢܝܐ | you are | ἐστε | you are | |||||
τωνP77 | of those | τῶν | of those | των | | | estis | — | — | — | — | τῶν | of those | |||||
φονευσαντωνP77 | having murdered | φονευσάντων | having murdered | φονευσαντων | | | occiderunt | eorum | having murdered | ܕܗܢܘܢ | having murdered | φονευσάντων | having murdered | |||||
τουσP77 | the | τοὺς | the | τους | | | qui | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | the | |||||
προφητασP77 | prophets; | προφήτας· | prophets; | προφητας | | | prophetas | prophetas | prophets; | ܠܢܒܝܐ | prophets; | προφήτας | prophets; | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||