The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | εἰ | If | ει | | | si | Si | If | ܐܢ | If | Εἰ | If | ||||||
| — | οὖν | therefore | ουν | | | ergo | ergo | therefore | ܗܟܝܠ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ||||||
| — | Δαυὶδ | David | δαυειδ | | | dauid | David | David | ܕܘܝܕ | David | Δαυὶδ | David | ||||||
| — | καλεῖ | calls | καλει | | | uocat | vocat | calls | ܩܪܐ | calls | καλεῖ | calls | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | Him | αυτον | | | eum | eum | Him | — | — | αὐτὸν | Him | ||||||
| — | κύριον, | Lord, | κν | | | in | Dominum | Lord, | ܠܗ | Lord, | κύριον | Lord, | ||||||
| — | πῶς | how | πως | | | quomodo | quomodo | how | ܡܪܝܐ | how | πῶς | how | ||||||
| — | υἱὸς | son | ϋιος | | | filius | filius | son | ܐܝܟܢܐ | son | υἱὸς | son | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ | of him | αυτου | | | eius | ejus | of him | ܒܪܗ | of him | αὐτοῦ | of him | ||||||
| — | ἐστιν; | is He? | εστιν | | | spu | est | is He? | ܗܘ | is He? | ἐστιν | is He? | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 23:30 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||