The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | λέγουσιν | They say | λεγουσιν | | | dicunt | Dicunt | They say | ܐܡܪܝܢ | They say | Λέγουσιν | They say | ||||||
| — | αὐτῷ· | to Him; | αυτω | | | ei | ei | to Him; | ܕܩܤܪ | to Him; | αὐτῷ | to Him; | ||||||
| — | Καίσαρος.¶ | Of Caesar. | καισαρος | | | caesaris | Cæsaris | Of Caesar. | — | — | Καίσαρος | Of Caesar. | ||||||
| — | Τότε | Then | τοτε | | | tunc | Tunc | Then | ܐܡܪ | Then | Τότε | Then | ||||||
| — | λέγει | He says | λεγει | | | — | ait | He says | ܠܗܘܢ | He says | λέγει | He says | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῖς· | to them; | αυτοις | | | dicit | illis | to them; | ܗܒܘ | to them; | αὐτοῖς | to them; | ||||||
| — | ἀπόδοτε | do give back | αποδοτε | | | reddite | Reddite | do give back | — | — | Ἀπόδοτε | do give back | ||||||
| — | οὖν | therefore | — | | | — | ergo | therefore | ܗܟܝܠ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ||||||
| — | τὰ | the things | τα | | | quae | — | — | — | — | τὰ | the things | ||||||
| — | Καίσαρος | of Caesar | καισαρος | | | eis | sunt | of Caesar | ܕܩܤܪ | of Caesar | Καίσαρος | of Caesar | ||||||
| — | Καίσαρι | to Caesar | — | | | caesaris | Cæsaris | to Caesar | ܠܩܤܪ | to Caesar | Καίσαρι | to Caesar | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | — | | | — | Cæsari | and | — | — | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | τὰ | the things | — | | | et | — | — | — | — | τὰ | the things | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | <the> | — | | | quae | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | ||||||
| — | θεοῦ | of God | — | | | caesari | sunt | of God | ܘܕܐܠܗܐ | of God | θεοῦ | of God | ||||||
| — | τῷ | <the> | τω | | | dei | — | — | — | — | τῷ | <the> | ||||||
| — | θεῷ. | to God. | θω | | | deo | Deo | to God. | ܠܐܠܗܐ | to God. | θεῷ | to God. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 23:30 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||