The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | οἱ | The | οι | | | in | — | — | — | — | Οἱ | The | ||||||
| — | δὲ | now | δε | | | turbae | turbæ | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | ||||||
| — | ὄχλοι | crowds | οχλοι | | | autem | autem | crowds | ܕܝܢ | crowds | ὄχλοι | crowds | ||||||
| — | οἱ | which | οι | | | praecedebant | — | — | — | — | οἱ | which | ||||||
| — | προάγοντες | are going before | προαγοντες | | | quae | quæ | are going before | ܐܝܠܝܢ | are going before | προάγοντες | are going before | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | Him | αυτον | | | — | præcedebant | Him | ܕܐܙܠܝܢ | Him | καὶ | Him | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܗܘܘ | and | οἱ | and | ||||||
| — | οἱ | those | οι | | | eum | — | — | — | — | ἀκολουθοῦντες | those | ||||||
| — | ἀκολουθοῦντες | following | ακολουθουντες | | | que | quæ | following | ܩܕܡܘܗܝ | following | ἔκραζον | following | ||||||
| — | ἔκραζον | they were crying out | — | | | sequebantur | sequebantur | they were crying out | ܘܐܬܝܢ | they were crying out | λέγοντες | they were crying out | ||||||
| — | λέγοντες· | saying: | λεγοντες | | | clamabant | clamabant | saying: | ܒܬܪܗ | saying: | Ὡσαννὰ | saying: | ||||||
| — | ὡσαννὰ | Hosanna | — | | | dicentes | dicentes | Hosanna | ܩܥܝܢ | Hosanna | τῷ | Hosanna | ||||||
| — | τῷ | to the | τω | | | ossana | — | — | — | — | υἱῷ | to the | ||||||
| — | υἱῷ | Son | ϋιω | | | — | Hosanna | Son | ܗܘܘ | Son | Δαυίδ | Son | ||||||
| — | Δαυίδ, | of David! | δαυειδ | | | fili | filio | of David! | ܘܐܡܪܝܢ | of David! | εὐλογημένος | of David! | ||||||
| — | εὐλογημένος | Blessed is | ευλογημενος | | | dauid | David | Blessed is | ܐܘܫܥܢܐ | Blessed is | ὁ | Blessed is | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the One | ο | | | benit | — | — | — | — | ἐρχόμενος | the One | ||||||
| — | ἐρχόμενος | coming | ερχομενος | | | benedictus | benedictus | coming | ܠܒܪܗ | coming | ἐν | coming | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | qui | qui | in | ܕܕܘܝܕ | in | ὀνόματι | in | ||||||
| — | ὀνόματι | the name | ονοματι | | | dmi | venit | the name | ܒܪܝܟ | the name | κυρίου | the name | ||||||
| — | κυρίου, | of the Lord! | κυ | | | in | in | of the Lord! | ܗܘ | of the Lord! | Ὡσαννὰ | of the Lord! | ||||||
| — | ὡσαννὰ | Hosanna | — | | | nomine | nomine | Hosanna | ܕܐܬܐ | Hosanna | ἐν | Hosanna | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | — | Domini | in | ܒܫܡܗ | in | τοῖς | in | ||||||
| — | τοῖς | the | τοις | | | ossana | — | — | — | — | ὑψίστοις | the | ||||||
| — | ὑψίστοις.¶ | highest! | ϋψιστοις | | | excelsis | hosanna | highest! | ܕܡܪܝܐ | highest! | ὑψίστοις.¶ | highest! | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 21:13 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||