The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
δουλουσP104 | When | ὅτε | When | οτε | | | cum | Cum | When | ܟܕ | When | Ὅτε | When | |||||
αυτουP104 | then | δὲ | then | δε | | | autem | autem | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | |||||
προσP104 | drew near | ἤγγισεν | drew near | ηγγισεν | | | tempus | tempus | drew near | ܡܛܐ | drew near | ἤγγισεν | drew near | |||||
τουσP104 | the | ὁ | the | ο | | | ad | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | |||||
γεωργουσP104 | season | καιρὸς | season | καιρος | | | fructuum | fructuum | season | ܙܒܢܐ | season | καιρὸς | season | |||||
λαβεινP104 | of the | τῶν | of the | των | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | of the | |||||
τουσP104 | fruits, | καρπῶν, | fruits, | καρπων | | | — | appropinquasset | fruits, | ܕܦܐܪܐ | fruits, | καρπῶν | fruits, | |||||
καρπουσP104 | he sent | ἀπέστειλεν | he sent | απεστειλεν | | | misit | misit | he sent | ܫܕܪ | he sent | ἀπέστειλεν | he sent | |||||
αυτουP104 | the | τοὺς | the | τους | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | the | |||||
δούλουςP104 | servants | δούλους | servants | δουλους | | | seruos | servos | servants | ܠܥܒܕܘܗܝ | servants | δούλους | servants | |||||
αὐτοῦP104 | of him | αὐτοῦ | of him | αυτου | | | suos | suos | of him | ܠܘܬ | of him | αὐτοῦ | of him | |||||
πρὸςP104 | to | πρὸς | to | προς | | | adpropinquasset | ad | to | ܦܠܚܐ | to | πρὸς | to | |||||
τοὺςP104 | the | τοὺς | the | τους | | | colonos | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | the | |||||
γεωργοὺςP104 | farmers | γεωργοὺς | farmers | γεωργους | | | — | agricolas | farmers | ܕܢܫܕܪܘܢ | farmers | γεωργούς | farmers | |||||
λαβεῖνP104 | to receive | λαβεῖν | to receive | λαβιν | | | — | ut | to receive | ܠܗ | to receive | λαβεῖν | to receive | |||||
τοὺςP104 | the | τοὺς | the | τους | | | suos | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | the | |||||
καρποὺςP104 | fruits | καρποὺς | fruits | καρπους | | | accipere | acciperent | fruits | ܡܢ | fruits | καρποὺς | fruits | |||||
αὐτοῦ.P104 | of him. | αὐτοῦ. | of him. | αυτου | | | fructos | fructus | of him. | ܦܐܪܐ | of him. | αὐτοῦ | of him. | |||||
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