The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Ὀψίας | Evening | οψειας | | | dms | Cum sero | Evening | ܪܡܫܐ | Evening | Ὀψίας | Evening | ||||||
| — | δὲ | then | δε | | | sero | autem | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | ||||||
| — | γενομένης | having arrived | γενομενης | | | autem | factum esset | having arrived | ܟܕ ܗܘܐ | having arrived | γενομένης | having arrived | ||||||
| — | λέγει | says | λεγει | | | facto | dicit | says | ܐܡܪ | says | λέγει | says | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | usque | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | ||||||
| — | κύριος | master | — | | | — | dominus | master | ܡܪܐ | master | κύριος | master | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | of the | του | | | a | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | of the | ||||||
| — | ἀμπελῶνος | vineyard | αμπελωνος | | | dicit | vineæ | vineyard | ܟܪܡܐ | vineyard | ἀμπελῶνος | vineyard | ||||||
| — | τῷ | to the | τω | | | primos | — | — | — | — | τῷ | to the | ||||||
| — | ἐπιτρόπῳ | foreman | επιτροπω | | | — | procuratori | foreman | ܠܪܒܝܬܗ | foreman | ἐπιτρόπῳ | foreman | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ· | of him; | αυτου | | | uineae | suo | of him; | — | — | αὐτοῦ | of him; | ||||||
| — | κάλεσον | do call | καλεσον | | | procuratori | Voca | do call | ܩܪܝ | do call | Κάλεσον | do call | ||||||
| — | τοὺς | the | τους | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | the | ||||||
| — | ἐργάτας | workmen | εργατας | | | suo | operarios | workmen | ܦܥܠܐ | workmen | ἐργάτας | workmen | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | uoca | et | and | — | — | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἀπόδος | do pay | αποδος | | | operarios | redde | do pay | ܘܗܒ | do pay | ἀπόδος | do pay | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῖς | to them | αυτοις | | | et | illis | to them | ܠܗܘܢ | to them | αὐτοῖς | to them | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | ||||||
| — | μισθὸν | wages | μισθον | | | redde | mercedem | wages | ܐܓܪܗܘܢ | wages | μισθόν | wages | ||||||
| — | ἀρξάμενος | having begun | αρξαμενος | | | — | incipiens | having begun | ܘܫܪܐ | having begun | ἀρξάμενος | having begun | ||||||
| — | ἀπὸ | from | απο | | | mercedem | a | from | ܡܢ | from | ἀπὸ | from | ||||||
| — | τῶν | the | των | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | the | ||||||
| — | ἐσχάτων | last | — | | | incipiens | novissimis | last | ܐܚܪܝܐ | last | ἐσχάτων | last | ||||||
| — | ἕως | until | εως | | | ad | usque | until | ܘܥܕܡܐ | until | ἕως | until | ||||||
| — | τῶν | the | των | | | eis | — | — | — | — | τῶν | the | ||||||
| — | πρώτων. | first. | πρωτων | | | nouissimis | ad primos | first. | ܠܩܕܡܝܐ | first. | πρώτων | first. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 20:23 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||