The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Ἐλθὼν | Having come | ελθων | | | ueniens | Venit | Having come | ܟܕ | Having come | Ἐλθὼν | Having come | ||||||
| — | δὲ | then | δε | | | autem | autem | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | caesariae | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | ihs | Jesus | Jesus | ܐܬܐ | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | ||||||
| — | εἰς | into | εις | | | in | in | into | ܝܫܘܥ | into | εἰς | into | ||||||
| — | τὰ | the | τα | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὰ | the | ||||||
| — | μέρη | district | μερη | | | partes | partes | district | ܠܐܬܪܐ | district | μέρη | district | ||||||
| — | Καισαρείας | of Caesarea | καισαριας | | | — | Cæsareæ | of Caesarea | ܕܩܤܪܝܐ | of Caesarea | Καισαρείας | of Caesarea | ||||||
| — | τῆς | <the> | της | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῆς | <the> | ||||||
| — | Φιλίππου | Philippi | φιλιππου | | | philippi | Philippi | Philippi | ܕܦܝܠܝܦܘܤ | Philippi | Φιλίππου | Philippi | ||||||
| — | ἠρώτα | He was questioning | ηρωτα | | | — | et | He was questioning | ܡܫܐܠ | He was questioning | ἠρώτα | He was questioning | ||||||
| — | τοὺς | the | τους | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | the | ||||||
| — | μαθητὰς | disciples | μαθητας | | | interrogabat | interrogabat | disciples | ܗܘܐ | disciples | μαθητὰς | disciples | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ | of Him | — | | | discipulos | discipulos | of Him | ܠܬܠܡܝܕܘܗܝ | of Him | αὐτοῦ | of Him | ||||||
| — | λέγων· | saying; | λεγων | | | — | suos | saying; | ܘܐܡܪ | saying; | λέγων | saying; | ||||||
| — | τίνα | Whom | τινα | | | dicens | dicens | Whom | ܡܢܘ | Whom | Τίνα | Whom | ||||||
| — | με | Me | με | | | quem | Quem | Me | ܐܡܪܝܢ | Me | με | Me | ||||||
| — | λέγουσιν | do pronounce | — | | | dicunt | dicunt | do pronounce | ܥܠܝ | do pronounce | λέγουσιν | do pronounce | ||||||
| — | οἱ | <the> | οι | | | — | — | — | — | — | οἱ | <the> | ||||||
| — | ἄνθρωποι | men | ανθρωποι | | | homines | homines | men | ܐܢܫܐ | men | ἄνθρωποι | men | ||||||
| — | εἶναι | to be | ειναι | | | esse | esse | to be | ܕܐܝܬܝ | to be | εἶναι | to be | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | ||||||
| — | υἱὸν | Son | ϋιον | | | filium | Filium | Son | ܒܪܗ | Son | υἱὸν | Son | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | me | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | ||||||
| — | ἀνθρώπου; | of man? | ανθρωπου | | | hominis | hominis | of man? | ܕܐܢܫܐ | of man? | ἀνθρώπου | of man? | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 17:1 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||