The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
οτανP66 | When | ὅταν | When | οταν | | | cum | Cum | When | ܡܐ | When | Ὅταν | When | |||||
δεP66 | however | δὲ | however | — | | | a | autem | however | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | however | |||||
ελθηP66 | may come | ἔλθῃ | may come | ελθη | | | uenerit | venerit | may come | ܕܝܢ | may come | ἔλθῃ | may come | |||||
εκεινοσP66 | He, | ἐκεῖνος, | He, | εκεινος | | | ille | ille | He, | ܪܘܚܐ | He, | ἐκεῖνος | He, | |||||
τοP66 | the | τὸ | the | το | | | ille | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | |||||
πναP66 | Spirit | πνεῦμα | Spirit | πνα | | | spiritus | Spiritus | Spirit | — | — | πνεῦμα | Spirit | |||||
τησP66 | <the> | τῆς | <the> | της | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῆς | <the> | |||||
αληθειασP66 | of truth, | ἀληθείας, | of truth, | αληθειας | | | ueritatis | veritatis | of truth, | ܕܫܪܪܐ | of truth, | ἀληθείας | of truth, | |||||
οδηγησειP66 | He will guide | ὁδηγήσει | He will guide | — | | | diriget | docebit | He will guide | ܗܘ | He will guide | ὁδηγήσει | He will guide | |||||
υμασP66 | you | ὑμᾶς | you | ϋμας | | | uos | vos | you | ܢܕܒܪܟܘܢ | you | ὑμᾶς | you | |||||
ενP66 | into | ἐν | into | εν | | | omni | omnem | into | ܒܟܠܗ | into | εἰς | into | |||||
τηP66 | the | τῇ | the | τη | | | — | — | — | — | — | πᾶσαν | the | |||||
αληθειαP66 | truth | ἀληθείᾳ | truth | αληθεια | | | ueritate | veritatem | truth | ܫܪܪܐ | truth | τὴν | truth | |||||
πασηP66 | all. | πάσῃ. | all. | παση | | | non | non | all. | ܠܐ | all. | ἀλήθειαν | all. | |||||
ουP66 | not | οὐ | not | ου | | | enim | enim | not | ܓܝܪ | not | οὐ | not | |||||
γαρP66 | for | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | loquetur | loquetur | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | |||||
λαλησειP66 | He will speak | λαλήσει | He will speak | λαλησει | | | adnuntiauit | a | He will speak | ܢܡܠܠ | He will speak | λαλήσει | He will speak | |||||
αφP66 | from | ἀφ᾽ | from | αφ | | | semet | semetipso | from | ܡܢ | from | ἀφ’ | from | |||||
εαυτουP66 | Himself, | ἑαυτοῦ, | Himself, | εαυτου | | | — | sed | Himself, | ܪܥܝܢ | Himself, | ἑαυτοῦ | Himself, | |||||
αλλP66 | but | ἀλλ᾽ | but | αλλ | | | in | quæcumque | but | ܢܦܫܗ | but | ἀλλ’ | but | |||||
οσαP66 | as much as | ὅσα | as much as | οσα | | | audierit | audiet | as much as | ܐܠܐ | as much as | ὅσα | as much as | |||||
ακουσειP66 | maybe | ἂν | maybe | — | | | loquetur | loquetur | maybe | ܟܠ | maybe | ἂν | maybe | |||||
λαλησειP66 | He will hear | ἀκούσει | He will hear | ακουσει | | | et | et | He will hear | ܕܢܫܡܥ | He will hear | ἀκούσῃ | He will hear | |||||
καιP66 | He will speak | λαλήσει | He will speak | λαλησει | | | quaecumque | quæ | He will speak | — | — | λαλήσει | He will speak | |||||
ταP66 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | — | ventura | and | ܗܘ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
ερχομεναP66 | the things | τὰ | the things | τα | | | ipso | — | — | — | — | τὰ | the things | |||||
αναγγελειP66 | coming | ἐρχόμενα | coming | ερχομενα | | | — | sunt | coming | ܢܡܠܠ | coming | ἐρχόμενα | coming | |||||
υμινP66 | He will declare | ἀναγγελεῖ | He will declare | αναγγελει | | | superuentura | annuntiabit | He will declare | ܘܥܬܝܕܬܐ | He will declare | ἀναγγελεῖ | He will declare | |||||
ὑμῖν.P66 | to you. | ὑμῖν. | to you. | ϋμειν | | | uobis | vobis | to you. | ܢܘܕܥܟܘܢ | to you. | ὑμῖν | to you. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||