The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܫܢܝ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | μεταβὰς | having departed | μεταβας | | | — | cum transisset | when he had crossed over | ܡܢ | having departed | μεταβὰς | having departed | ||||||
| — | ἐκεῖθεν | from there | εκειθεν | | | transiens | inde | from there | ܬܡܢ | from there | ἐκεῖθεν | from there | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | ibi | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | inde | Jesus | Jesus | ܝܫܘܥ | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | ||||||
| — | ἦλθεν | went | ηλθεν | | | ihs | venit | came | ܘܐܬܐ | went | ἦλθεν | went | ||||||
| — | παρὰ | along | παρα | | | uenit | secus | beside | ܥܠ | along | παρὰ | along | ||||||
| — | τὴν | the | την | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | ||||||
| — | θάλασσαν | Sea | θαλασσαν | | | secus | mare | the sea | — | — | θάλασσαν | Sea | ||||||
| — | τῆς | <the> | της | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῆς | <the> | ||||||
| — | Γαλιλαίας, | of Galilee, | γαλιλαιας | | | mare | Galilææ | of Galilee | ܓܢܒ | of Galilee, | Γαλιλαίας | of Galilee, | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | galilaeae | et | and | ܝܡܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ἀναβὰς | having gone up | αναβας | | | et | ascendens | going up | ܕܓܠܝܠܐ | having gone up | ἀναβὰς | having gone up | ||||||
| — | εἰς | on | εις | | | ascendens | in | into | ܘܤܠܩ | on | εἰς | on | ||||||
| — | τὸ | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | ||||||
| — | ὄρος | mountain | — | | | in | montem | the mountain | ܠܛܘܪܐ | mountain | ὄρος | mountain | ||||||
| — | ἐκάθητο | He was sitting | εκαθητο | | | monte | sedebat | sat | ܘܝܬܒ | He was sitting | ἐκάθητο | He was sitting | ||||||
| — | ἐκεῖ. | there. | εκει | | | sedebat | ibi | there | ܬܡܢ | there. | ἐκεῖ | there. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 17:1 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||