The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ὅπως | so that | οπως | | | ut | ut | so that | ܐܝܟ | so that | ὅπως | so that | ||||||
| — | πληρωθῇ | may be fulfilled | πληρωθη | | | est | impleretur | may be fulfilled | ܕܢܬܡܠܐ | may be fulfilled | πληρωθῇ | may be fulfilled | ||||||
| — | τὸ | that | το | | | dicentem | — | — | — | — | τὸ | that | ||||||
| — | ῥηθὲν | having been spoken | ρηθεν | | | quod | quod dictum est | that which was spoken | ܡܕܡ | having been spoken | ῥηθὲν | having been spoken | ||||||
| — | διὰ | through | δια | | | per | per | through | ܕܐܬܐܡܪ | through | διὰ | through | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | the | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | the | ||||||
| — | προφήτου | prophet | προφητου | | | prophetam | prophetam | a prophet | ܒܝܕ | prophet | προφήτου | prophet | ||||||
| — | λέγοντος· | saying; | λεγοντος | | | dictum | dicentem | saying | ܢܒܝܐ | saying; | λέγοντος | saying; | ||||||
| — | ἀνοίξω | I will open | ανοιξω | | | aperiam | Aperiam | I will open | ܕܐܡܪ | I will open | Ἀνοίξω | I will open | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | in | in | in | ܐܦܬܚ | in | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | παραβολαῖς | parables | παραβολαις | | | parabolis | parabolis | parables | ܦܘܡܝ | parables | παραβολαῖς | parables | ||||||
| — | τὸ | the | το | | | initio | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | ||||||
| — | στόμα | mouth | στομα | | | os | os | mouth | ܒܡܬܠܐ | mouth | στόμα | mouth | ||||||
| — | μου, | of Mine, | μου | | | meum | meum | my | ܘܐܒܥ | of Mine, | μου | of Mine, | ||||||
| — | ἐρεύξομαι | I will utter things | ερευξομαι | | | eructuauor | eructabo | I will utter | ܟܤܝܬܐ | I will utter things | ἐρεύξομαι | I will utter things | ||||||
| — | κεκρυμμένα | hidden | κεκρυμμενα | | | absconsa | abscondita | hidden things | ܕܡܢ | hidden | κεκρυμμένα | hidden | ||||||
| — | ἀπὸ | from | απο | | | ab | a | from | ܩܕܡ | from | ἀπὸ | from | ||||||
| — | καταβολῆς | the foundation | καταβολης | | | conpleretur | constitutione | foundation | ܬܪܡܝܬܗ | the foundation | καταβολῆς | the foundation | ||||||
| — | κόσμου.¶ | of the world. | κοσμου | | | saeculi | mundi | of the world | ܕܥܠܡܐ | of the world. | κόσμου | of the world. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 13:55 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||