The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
οσP21 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܟܠ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
ανP21 | whoever | ὃς | whoever | ος | | | quicumque | quicumque | whoever | ܡܢ | whoever | ὃς | whoever | |||||
ειπηP21 | if | ἐὰν | if | — | | | dixerit | dixerit | if | ܕܢܐܡܪ | if | ἐὰν | if | |||||
λογονP21 | shall speak | εἴπῃ | shall speak | — | | | uerbum | verbum | shall speak | — | — | εἴπῃ | shall speak | |||||
καταP21 | a word | λόγον | a word | — | | | aduersus | — | — | ܡܠܬܐ | a word | λόγον | a word | |||||
τουP21 | against | κατὰ | against | — | | | — | contra | against | ܥܠ | against | κατὰ | against | |||||
υυP21 | the | τοῦ | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | the | |||||
τουP21 | Son | υἱοῦ | Son | — | | | filium | Filium | Son | ܒܪܗ | Son | υἱοῦ | Son | |||||
ανουP21 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | — | | | illi | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
αφεθησεταιP21 | of Man, | ἀνθρώπου, | of Man, | — | | | hominis | hominis | of Man, | ܕܐܢܫܐ | of Man, | ἀνθρώπου | of Man, | |||||
αυτωP21 | it will be forgiven | ἀφεθήσεται | it will be forgiven | — | | | remittetur | remittetur | it will be forgiven | ܢܫܬܒܩ | it will be forgiven | ἀφεθήσεται | it will be forgiven | |||||
ουτωP21 | to him; | αὐτῷ· | to him; | — | | | — | ei | to him; | ܠܗ | to him; | αὐτῷ | to him; | |||||
οσP21 | whoever | ὃς | whoever | — | | | quicumque | qui | whoever | — | — | ὃς | whoever | |||||
δP21 | now | δ᾽ | now | — | | | aduersum | autem | now | ܟܠ | now | δ’ | now | |||||
ανP21 | maybe | ἂν | maybe | αν | | | dixerit | dixerit | maybe | ܕܝܢ | maybe | ἂν | maybe | |||||
ειπηP21 | shall speak | εἴπῃ | shall speak | ειπη | | | — | — | — | ܕܥܠ | shall speak | εἴπῃ | shall speak | |||||
καταP21 | against | κατὰ | against | κατα | | | — | contra | against | ܪܘܚܐ | against | κατὰ | against | |||||
τουP21 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | dimittetur | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
πνσP21 | Spirit | πνεύματος | Spirit | — | | | spm | Spiritum | Spirit | ܕܩܘܕܫܐ | Spirit | πνεύματος | Spirit | |||||
τουP21 | the | τοῦ | the | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | the | |||||
αγιουP21 | Holy, | ἁγίου, | Holy, | — | | | sanctum | Sanctum | Holy, | ܢܐܡܪ | Holy, | ἁγίου | Holy, | |||||
ουκP21 | not | οὐκ | not | — | | | non | non | not | — | — | οὐκ | not | |||||
αφεθησεταιP21 | it will be forgiven | ἀφεθήσεται | it will be forgiven | αφεθησεται | | | — | remittetur | it will be forgiven | ܠܐ | it will be forgiven | ἀφεθήσεται | it will be forgiven | |||||
ενP21 | to him | αὐτῷ | to him | αυτω | | | illi | ei | to him | ܢܫܬܒܩ | to him | αὐτῷ | to him | |||||
τουτωP21 | neither | οὔτε | neither | ουτε | | | neque | neque | neither | ܠܗ | neither | οὔτε | neither | |||||
τωP21 | in | ἐν | in | εν | | | in | in | in | ܠܐ | in | ἐν | in | |||||
αιωνιP21 | this | τούτῳ | this | τουτω | | | — | — | — | ܒܥܠܡܐ | this | τῷ | this | |||||
ουτεP21 | <the> | τῷ | <the> | τω | | | isto | — | — | — | — | νῦν | <the> | |||||
ενP21 | present | νῦν | present | — | | | — | hoc | present | ܗܢܐ | present | αἰῶνι | present | |||||
τωP21 | age | αἰῶνι | age | αιωνι | | | — | sæculo | age | — | — | οὔτε | age | |||||
μελλοντιP21 | nor | οὔτε | nor | ουτε | | | neque | neque | nor | ܘܠܐ | nor | ἐν | nor | |||||
ἐνP21 | in | ἐν | in | εν | | | in | in | in | ܒܥܠܡܐ | in | τῷ | in | |||||
τῷP21 | the one | τῷ | the one | τω | | | saeculo | — | — | — | — | μέλλοντι | the one | |||||
μέλλοντι.¶P21 | coming. | μέλλοντι.¶ | coming. | μελλοντι | | | futuro | futuro | coming. | ܕܥܬܝܕ | coming. | μέλλοντι.¶ | coming. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||