The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ιδωνP21 | knowing | Εἰδὼς | knowing | — | | | uidens | Jesus | knowing | ܝܫܘܥ | knowing | Εἰδὼς | knowing | |||||
δεP21 | now | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | |||||
τασP21 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
ενθυμησεισP21 | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | — | sciens | Jesus | ܝܕܥ | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | |||||
αυτωνP21 | the | τὰς | the | τας | | | in | — | — | — | — | τὰς | the | |||||
ειπενP21 | thoughts | ἐνθυμήσεις | thoughts | ενθυμησεις | | | cogitationes | cogitationes | thoughts | ܡܚܫܒܬܗܘܢ | thoughts | ἐνθυμήσεις | thoughts | |||||
αυτοισP21 | of them | αὐτῶν | of them | αυτων | | | eorum | eorum | of them | — | — | αὐτῶν | of them | |||||
πασαP21 | He said | εἶπεν | He said | ειπεν | | | dixit | dixit | He said | ܘܐܡܪ | He said | εἶπεν | He said | |||||
βασιλειαP21 | to them; | αὐτοῖς· | to them; | αυτοις | | | eis | eis | to them; | ܠܗܘܢ | to them; | αὐτοῖς | to them; | |||||
μερισθεισαP21 | Every | πᾶσα | Every | πασα | | | omne | Omne | Every | ܟܠ | Every | Πᾶσα | Every | |||||
καθP21 | kingdom | βασιλεία | kingdom | βασιλεια | | | regnum | regnum | kingdom | ܡܠܟܘ | kingdom | βασιλεία | kingdom | |||||
εαυτησP21 | having been divided | μερισθεῖσα | having been divided | μερισθεισα | | | diuisum | divisum | having been divided | ܕܬܬܦܠܓ | having been divided | μερισθεῖσα | having been divided | |||||
ερημουταιP21 | against | καθ᾽ | against | — | | | — | contra | against | ܥܠ | against | καθ’ | against | |||||
καιP21 | itself | ἑαυτῆς | itself | — | | | se | se | itself | — | — | ἑαυτῆς | itself | |||||
πασαP21 | is brought to desolation, | ἐρημοῦται, | is brought to desolation, | — | | | desolatur | desolabitur | is brought to desolation, | ܢܦܫܗ | is brought to desolation, | ἐρημοῦται | is brought to desolation, | |||||
πολισP21 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܬܚܪܒ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
ηP21 | every | πᾶσα | every | πασα | | | omnis | omnis | every | ܘܟܠ | every | πᾶσα | every | |||||
οικιαP21 | city | πόλις | city | πολις | | | ciuitas | civitas | city | ܒܝ | city | πόλις | city | |||||
μερισθεισαP21 | or | ἢ | or | η | | | uel | — | — | — | — | ἢ | or | |||||
καθP21 | house | οἰκία | house | οικια | | | domus | domus | house | ܕܢܬܦܠܓ | house | οἰκία | house | |||||
εαυτησP21 | having been divided | μερισθεῖσα | having been divided | μερισθισα | | | diuisa | divisa | having been divided | — | — | μερισθεῖσα | having been divided | |||||
ουP21 | against | καθ᾽ | against | — | | | in | contra | against | ܥܠ | against | καθ’ | against | |||||
σταθησεταιP21 | itself | ἑαυτῆς | itself | — | | | se | se | itself | ܢܦܫܗ | itself | ἑαυτῆς | itself | |||||
οὐP21 | not | οὐ | not | ου | | | non | non | not | ܠܐ | not | οὐ | not | |||||
σταθήσεται.P21 | will stand. | σταθήσεται. | will stand. | — | | | stauit | stabit | will stand. | ܢܩܘܡ | will stand. | σταθήσεται | will stand. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||