The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP45 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | ihs | et | And | ܘܙܒܢܝܢ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
πολλακισP45 | often | πολλάκις | often | πολλακις | | | dixit | frequenter | often | — | — | πολλάκις | often | |||||
αυτονP45 | both | καὶ | both | — | | | autem | eum | both | ܤܓܝܐܢ | both | αὐτὸν | both | |||||
εισP45 | into | εἰς | into | — | | | — | in | into | — | — | καὶ | into | |||||
πυρP45 | <the> | τὸ | <the> | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | εἰς | <the> | |||||
εβαλενP45 | fire | πῦρ | fire | — | | | — | ignem | fire | ܐܪܡܝܬܗ | fire | τὸ | fire | |||||
καιP45 | him | αὐτὸν | him | αυτον | | | — | et | him | ܒܢܘܪܐ | him | πῦρ | him | |||||
εισP45 | it casts | ἔβαλεν | it casts | — | | | illi | in | it casts | — | — | ἔβαλεν | it casts | |||||
υδαταP45 | and | καὶ | and | — | | | — | aquas | and | ܘܒܡܝܐ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
ιναP45 | into | εἰς | into | εις | | | si | misit | into | — | — | εἰς | into | |||||
απολεσηP45 | waters | ὕδατα | waters | ϋδατα | | | — | ut | waters | ܕܬܘܒܕܝܘܗܝ | waters | ὕδατα | waters | |||||
αυτονP45 | that | ἵνα | that | ϊνα | | | — | eum | that | — | — | ἵνα | that | |||||
αλλαP45 | it may destroy | ἀπολέσῃ | it may destroy | — | | | potes | perderet | it may destroy | ܐܠܐ | it may destroy | ἀπολέσῃ | it may destroy | |||||
ειP45 | him; | αὐτόν· | him; | αυτον | | | — | sed | him; | ܡܕܡ | him; | αὐτόν | him; | |||||
τιP45 | But | ἀλλ᾽ | But | — | | | credere | si | But | — | — | ἀλλ’ | But | |||||
δυνηP45 | if | εἴ | if | ει | | | — | quid | if | ܕܡܫܟܚ | if | εἴ | if | |||||
βοηθησονP45 | anything | τι | anything | τι | | | omnia | potes | anything | — | — | τι | anything | |||||
ημινP45 | You are able to do, | δύνῃ, | You are able to do, | δυνη | | | — | adjuva | You are able to do, | ܐܢܬ | You are able to do, | δύνασαι | You are able to do, | |||||
σπλαγχνισθεισP45 | do help | βοήθησον | do help | βοηθησον | | | possibilia | nos | do help | — | — | βοήθησον | do help | |||||
εφP45 | us, | ἡμῖν, | us, | ημειν | | | — | misertus | us, | ܥܕܪܝܢܝ | us, | ἡμῖν | us, | |||||
ημασP45 | having compassion | σπλαγχνισθεὶς | having compassion | σπλαγχνισθεις | | | — | nostri | having compassion | ܘܐܬܪܚܡ | having compassion | σπλαγχνισθεὶς | having compassion | |||||
κυριεP45 | on | ἐφ᾽ | on | εφ | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἐφ’ | on | |||||
ἡμᾶς.¶P45 | us. | ἡμᾶς.¶ | us. | ημας | | | credenti | — | — | ܥܠܝ | us. | ἡμᾶς | us. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||