The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ταυταP66 · P75 | These things | Ταῦτα | These things | ταυτα | | | haec | Hæc | These things | ܗܠܝܢ | These things | Ταῦτα | These things | |||||
ειπανP66 · P75 | said | εἶπαν | said | — | | | dixerunt | dixerunt | said | ܐܡܪܘ | said | εἶπον | said | |||||
οιP66 · P75 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | synagoga | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
γονισP66 · P75 | parents | γονεῖς | parents | γονεις | | | parentes | parentes | parents | ܐܒܗܘܗܝ | parents | γονεῖς | parents | |||||
αυτουP66 · P75 | of Him | αὐτοῦ, | of Him | αυτου | | | eius | ejus | of Him | ܡܛܠ | of Him | αὐτοῦ | of Him | |||||
οτιP66 · P75 | because | ὅτι | because | οτι | | | quoniam | quoniam | because | ܕܕܚܠܝܢ | because | ὅτι | because | |||||
εφοβουντοP66 · P75 | they were afraid | ἐφοβοῦντο | they were afraid | εφοβουντο | | | timebant | timebant | they were afraid | ܗܘܘ | they were afraid | ἐφοβοῦντο | they were afraid | |||||
τουσP66 · P75 | of the | τοὺς | of the | τους | | | cogitauerant | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | of the | |||||
ιουδαιουσP66 · P75 | Jews; | Ἰουδαίους· | Jews; | ϊουδαιους | | | iudaeos | Judæos | Jews; | ܡܢ | Jews; | Ἰουδαίους | Jews; | |||||
ηδηP66 · P75 | already | ἤδη | already | ηδη | | | iam | jam | already | ܝܗܘܕܝܐ | already | ἤδη | already | |||||
γαρP66 · P75 | for | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | enim | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | |||||
συνετεθειτοP66 · P75 | had agreed together | συνετέθειντο | had agreed together | συνετεθιντο | | | fuisset | conspiraverunt | had agreed together | ܗܘܘ | had agreed together | συνετέθειντο | had agreed together | |||||
οιP66 · P75 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | de | — | — | — | — | οἱ | the | |||||
ιουδαιοιP66 · P75 | Jews | Ἰουδαῖοι | Jews | ϊουδαιοι | | | iudaei | Judæi | Jews | ܓܝܪ | Jews | Ἰουδαῖοι | Jews | |||||
ιναP66 · P75 | that | ἵνα | that | — | | | ut | ut | that | ܝܗܘܕܝܐ | that | ἵνα | that | |||||
εανP66 · P75 | if | ἐάν | if | εαν | | | si | si | if | ܕܐܢ | if | ἐάν | if | |||||
τισP66 · P75 | anyone | τις | anyone | τις | | | quis | quis | anyone | ܐܢܫ | anyone | τις | anyone | |||||
ομολογησηP66 · P75 | Him | αὐτὸν | Him | — | | | eum | eum | Him | ܢܘܕܐ | Him | αὐτὸν | Him | |||||
αυτονP66 · P75 | shall confess | ὁμολογήσῃ | shall confess | ομολογηση | | | confessus | confiteretur | shall confess | ܒܗ | shall confess | ὁμολογήσῃ | shall confess | |||||
χνP66 · P75 | Christ, | χριστόν, | Christ, | — | | | esse | esse | Christ, | ܕܡܫܝܚܐ | Christ, | χριστόν | Christ, | |||||
αποσυναγωγοσP66 · P75 | expelled from the synagogue | ἀποσυνάγωγος | expelled from the synagogue | αποσυναγωγος | | | xpm | Christum | expelled from the synagogue | ܗܘ | expelled from the synagogue | ἀποσυνάγωγος | expelled from the synagogue | |||||
γενηταιP66 · P75 | he shall be. | γένηται. | he shall be. | γενηται | | | eiciatur | extra | he shall be. | ܢܦܩܘܢܝܗܝ | he shall be. | γένηται | he shall be. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||