The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP45 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܐܝܬܝܘܗܝ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
ηνεγκανP45 | they brought | ἤνεγκαν | they brought | ηνεγκαν | | | interrogauit | attulerunt | they brought | ܠܘܬܗ | they brought | ἤνεγκαν | they brought | |||||
αυτονP45 | him | αὐτὸν | him | αυτον | | | patrem | eum. | him | — | — | αὐτὸν | him | |||||
προσP45 | to | πρὸς | to | — | | | eius | Et | to | ܘܟܕ | to | πρὸς | to | |||||
αυτονP45 | Him. | αὐτόν. | Him. | — | | | quantum | cum | Him. | ܚܙܬܗ | Him. | αὐτόν | Him. | |||||
καιP45 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | temporis | vidisset | And | ܪܘܚܐ | And | καὶ | And | |||||
ιδωνP45 | having seen | ἰδὼν | having seen | ειδων | | | est | eum | having seen | — | — | ἰδὼν | having seen | |||||
αυτονP45 | Him | αὐτὸν | Him | αυτον | | | ex | statim | Him | ܒܪ | Him | αὐτόν | Him | |||||
ευθεωσP45 | the | τὸ | the | το | | | ad | — | — | — | — | εὐθέως | the | |||||
τοP45 | spirit | πνεῦμα | spirit | πνα | | | — | spiritus | spirit | ܫܥܬܗ | spirit | τὸ | spirit | |||||
πναP45 | immediately | εὐθὺς | immediately | — | | | quo | conturbavit | immediately | ܚܒܛܬܗ | immediately | πνεῦμα | immediately | |||||
εσπαραξενP45 | threw into convulsions | συνεσπάραξεν | threw into convulsions | — | | | ei | illum | threw into convulsions | ܘܢܦܠ | threw into convulsions | ἐσπάραξεν | threw into convulsions | |||||
αυτονP45 | him, | αὐτόν, | him, | αυτον | | | hoc | et | him, | — | — | αὐτόν | him, | |||||
καιP45 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | accidit | elisus | and | ܥܠ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
πεσωνP45 | having fallen | πεσὼν | having fallen | πεσων | | | — | in | having fallen | ܐܪܥܐ | having fallen | πεσὼν | having fallen | |||||
επιP45 | upon | ἐπὶ | upon | επι | | | ille | terram | upon | ܘܡܬܒܥܩ | upon | ἐπὶ | upon | |||||
τησP45 | the | τῆς | the | της | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῆς | the | |||||
γησP45 | ground | γῆς | ground | γης | | | dixit | volutabatur | ground | — | — | γῆς | ground | |||||
εκυλειετοP45 | he was rolling around | ἐκυλίετο | he was rolling around | εκυλιετο | | | ab | spumans | he was rolling around | ܗܘܐ | he was rolling around | ἐκυλίετο | he was rolling around | |||||
αφριζωνP45 | foaming. | ἀφρίζων. | foaming. | αφριζων | | | infantia | — | — | ܘܡܪܥܬ | foaming. | ἀφρίζων | foaming. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||