The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ειταP45 | Then | εἶτα | Then | — | | | inposuit | Deinde | Then | ܬܘܒ | Then | Εἶτα | Then | |||||
παλινP45 | again | πάλιν | again | — | | | iterum | iterum | again | — | — | πάλιν | again | |||||
επεθηκενP45 | He put | ἐπέθηκεν | He put | — | | | eius | imposuit | He put | ܤܡ | He put | ἐπέθηκεν | He put | |||||
τασP45 | the | τὰς | the | — | | | omnia | — | — | — | — | τὰς | the | |||||
χειρασP45 | hands | χεῖρας | hands | — | | | manus | manus | hands | ܐܝܕܗ | hands | χεῖρας | hands | |||||
επιP45 | upon | ἐπὶ | upon | — | | | super | super | upon | — | — | ἐπὶ | upon | |||||
τουσP45 | the | τοὺς | the | — | | | coepit | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | the | |||||
οφθαλμουσP45 | eyes | ὀφθαλμοὺς | eyes | — | | | oculos | oculos | eyes | ܥܠ | eyes | ὀφθαλμοὺς | eyes | |||||
αυτουP45 | of him, | αὐτοῦ, | of him, | — | | | ei | ejus | of him, | ܥܝܢܘܗܝ | of him, | αὐτοῦ | of him, | |||||
καιP45 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | — | — | καὶ | and | |||||
διεβλεψενP45 | made | ἐποίησεν | made | — | | | et | cœpit | made | ܘܬܩܢ | made | ἐποίησεν | made | |||||
καιP45 | him | αὐτὸν | him | — | | | uidere | videre | him | — | — | αὐτὸν | him | |||||
απεκατεστηP45 | look | διέβλεψεν | look | — | | | et | et | look | ܘܚܙܐ | look | ἀναβλέψαι | look | |||||
καιP45 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | restitutus | restitutus | and | ܗܘܐ | and | Καὶ | and | |||||
ενεβλεπενP45 | he restored | ἀπεκατέστη | he restored | — | | | est | est | he restored | — | — | ἀποκατεστάθη | he restored | |||||
τηλαυγωσP45 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | ita | ita | and | ܟܠ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
απανταP45 | he was seeing well | ἐνέβλεπεν | he was seeing well | — | | | ut | ut | he was seeing well | ܡܕܡ | he was seeing well | ἐνέβλεψεν | he was seeing well | |||||
τηλαυγῶςP45 | clearly | τηλαυγῶς | clearly | τηλαυγως | | | clare | clare | clearly | — | — | τηλαυγῶς | clearly | |||||
ἅπαντα.P45 | everything. | ἅπαντα. | everything. | — | | | uideret | videret | everything. | ܢܗܝܪܐܝܬ | everything. | ἅπαντας | everything. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||